Management and Organization Linear Programming Perspective

Question: Talk about theManagement and Organizationfor Linear Programming Perspective. Answer: Presentation The presence of long haul projections shows that a normal degrees of interest of one hundred units of a specific item An and the elective item B consistently creation limit. There are imperatives which can be considered as the up and coming constraints on delivering the most extreme anticipated limit. The quantity of units that can be delivered can't go past 200 units and 170 units of item B every day. The degree of utility that is required to be met so as to fulfill the transportation of these merchandise is a sum of in any event 200 number crunchers equipped for being conveyed each day.(Samuel, 2003) contended that Linear Programming 2: Theory and Extensions in Springer Series in Operations Research and Financial Engineering. Given that every unit of the logical mini-computer that was provided results to a $ 3 in misfortune made however every unit of B created produce a $6 in benefit caused we to would then be able to decide the sum that the organization can make day by day so as to amplify the benefits. X: represents the units A created while y: speaks to the units of B that were produced. In this point of view the organization can't deliver a negative number of mini-computers consequently there exists two requirements, x0 and y=/0. Anyway for this situation the difficult solver can disregard the limitations since x is spoken to by equivalent or more noteworthy than 100 and y is more prominent than or equivalent to 80. (Tooth, 1993)Linear Optimization and Extensions: Theory and Algorithms. This action was embraced likewise prompted a most extreme: x_ 200 and y was given by the worth not exactly or equivalent to 170. Mix that gives us the breakeven point where neither benefit nor misfortune is made is x +y200 henceforth this legitimizes the way that y-x + 200. The measure of benefit that prompts the relationship will be the worth that was upgraded in the condition: P = - 3X + 6Y. In our second situation the portrayal of the framework will be given by the condition that is streamlined as P= - 3x + 6y, presently subject to: 100x200, likewise consider the worth 80y170 lastly the subsequent arrangement is y-x +200. (Daniel, 1997) said that Linear Programming 1: Introduction, Springer Series in Operations Research and Financial Engineering Our achievability area of the diagram will be as per the following coming about because of the calculation is as per the following. After the corners are placed into a test there are focuses that are determined at (100,170), (200, 170), (200, 80), (120, 80) and (100, 100). The worth that is realistic as aftereffect of this total is equivalent to P= 653 at (x, y) = (100, 170). The normal answer from the direct programming condition is 100 units of item An and 170 units of units B created. In the above calculation I have utilized the most ideal strategy to accomplish the material and absolute best outcome. The most reduced cost that was brought about in the creation procedure has been delineated and furthermore the most significant level of benefit achievable. The model has fused science in the modules in getting the possibility district. Cook, (1997) said that Combinatorial Optimization of capacities that are in straight programming. Target that is alluded to as the straight factor has been utilized in limiting and expanding the imbalance limitations. Simplex strategy couldn't be the reasonable technique since it results to disarray and modifies the proposed way of the calculations. References Cook, W. (1997). The accessible combinatorial improvement of capacities that are found in direct programming point of view. Winger man press. New York. Tooth, S. (1993). Straight Optimization and Extensions: Theory and Algorithms. Prentice press, Upper River town. Daniel, K. (1997). Straight Programming 1: Introduction, Springer Series in Operations Research and Financial Engineering, springer press. New York. Samuel, L. (2003). Straight Programming 2: Theory and Extensions in Springer Series in Operations Research and Financial Engineering, Springer press. New York.

Adderall Use in College Students

Adderall Use in College Students The pressure and request of school on understudies just is by all accounts expanding with little approaches to adapt. Some can’t adapt to it and drop out, others battle through it giving what they can, for some others however, they depend on neuro-upgrading medications to build the minds capacity to center and perform. Adderall is a typical medication found in this utilization, alongside numerous others, and it is a legitimate doctor prescribed medication bought in for ADHD. It improves the preparing rate and vitality levels of the client, the characterizing reason it is useful to undergrads. Anyway supportive it might be thought of, there are wellbeing dangers that originate from taking adderall. Margaret Talbot, an essayist of The New Yorker, reports, â€Å"Drugs, for example, adderall can cause anxiety, migraines, restlessness, diminished hunger, among opposite side effects.†(654) While cerebral pains and restlessness are normal, the rundown just develops with concerning issues. Talbot keeps on posting dangers, taking note of, â€Å"The name (a FDA cautioning) additionally makes reference to that grown-ups utilizing Adderall have detailed genuine cardiovascular problems†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (654). So alongside even gentle wellbeing dangers, bigger ones have been accounted for and are recognized by the Food and Drug Administration. Alongside dangers follows outcomes of utilizing Adderall, as announced in a recent report, â€Å"These results incorporate self-destructive and desperate ideation, seizure, and different heart confusions, for example, hypertension, hypotensi on, tachycardia, palpitations, and dsyrhythmias.†(Jardin, Looby, Earleywine, 1) Therefore, the abuse of Adderall expands extraordinarily past wellbeing dangers, to death toll outcomes. Another type of wellbeing hazard, mental as opposed to psycho-physical, is the compulsion side of the medication and the obliviousness of its wellbeing dangers. In spite of the fact that clients see it to be innocuous, â€Å"a educator at the college of Michigan’s Substance Abuse and Research Center, announced that in the earlier year 4.1 percent os American students had taken remedy energizers for off-mark use.†(Talbot, 654) That implies a general 4.1 percent of American students manhandled the physician endorsed sedate for purposes other than it ought to be utilized. As indicated by Talbot, some different schools detailed, â€Å"the figure was 25 percent†, an essentially higher rate, and â€Å" A recent report at a little school found that in excess of 35 percent of the understudies had utilized solution energizers non medicinally in the past year†(654). These numbers are far separated, yet at the same time numbers to be taken a gander at all together no tification indications of dependence. â€Å"An FDA cautioning on Adderall’s mark takes note of that â€Å"amphetamines have a high potential for mishandle and can prompt dependence†(Talbot, 654). Indeed, a wellbeing concern is FDA perceived with the utilization of Adderall, â€Å"Yet undergrads will in general consider Adderall and Ritalin kind, to some extent since they are probably going to know peers who have ingested the medications since youth for ADHD.†(Talbot, 654) If it appears innocuous to them, how might it be hurtful to you, isn't that so? Adderall and medications like it are recommended for the particular use to support ADHD, for impacts we still can't seem to comprehend. In spite of this, the aftereffects of an online open survey distributed by Nature, detailed that, â€Å"69 percent said that gentle reactions were an adequate risk.†(Talbot, 655) Debatably, the mellow dangers might be worthy, yet what is to be said about the perilous dangers. While they are destructive, it is not really answered to not be viable. Alex (a Harvard graduate) put it, â€Å"Productivity is a decent thing†(Talbot, 655). Adderall and medications like it are regularly distinguished as neuroenhancers on account of they truth that they should help with efficiency and core interest. Alex has likewise expressed however, â€Å"it just fills in as a psychological enhancer to the extent that you are devoted to achieving the assignment at hand†(Talbot, 655), so it isn't much the same as they can be taken and naturally help. Alex explains, â€Å"The number of times I’ve taken Adderall late around evening time and concluded that, as opposed to beginning my paper, hello, I’ll sort out my whole music library!†(Talbot, 655) Alex claims, â€Å"I’ve glanced back at my papers I’ve composed on Adderall, and they’re verbose† and, â€Å"with Adderall I’d produce two pages on something that could be said in a few sentences†(Talbot, 655). So while they may support efficiency, they don’t increment capacity to compose well. A â€Å"transhumanist† named Seltzer utilizes, â€Å"a medicate called piracetam†(Talbot, 656), which is, not affirmed for any utilization by the FDA†(Talbot, 656). Upon talk with, â€Å"I inquired as to whether he suspected he should sit tight for logical confirmation of piracetam. He chuckled. â€Å" I don’t need to,† he stated, â€Å"Because it’s working†(Talbot , 659). Clients report in spite of the known and obscure dangers and plan of the medication on the human body and brain, they don’t care as long as it is profitable and working. This asks a further inquiry, is it worth forbidding if individuals will keep on utilizing it at any rate? In spite of the fact that it has such results, why hasn’t it been prohibited. As indicated by Talbot, â€Å"It looks bad to boycott the utilization of neuroenhancers. Such a large number of individuals are as of now taking them, and the user’s them to be instruct damd favored peopler who continue with simply enough alert to abstain from getting into trouble.†(659) Talbot comes to a meaningful conclusion, much the same as illicit medication exchanges, individuals like them, and will probably keep utilizing them. Besides, Talbot’s speculation â€Å"the clients will in general be instructed and privileged†¦with simply enough alert to abstain from getting into trouble†(659) prompts another point; it is the user’s choice. Talbot claims â€Å"They can settle on their own decisions about how to modify their brains, similarly as they can settle on their own choices about molding their bodies.† It is the decision and acknowledged danger of the client to take neuroenhancing drugs, much the same as smoking and drinking, they need to assume all liability for the outcomes and items. Seltzer thought utilizing neuroenhancers, â€Å" resembles tweaking yourself-altering your brain† (Talbot, 657). In the creating society, it is viewed as critical to let people express how they feel, regardless of whether it implies changing something about them. Socially, utilizing neuroenhancers to create ones brain in a manner they need, may not be looked contrarily upon. Be that as it may, this can prompt proficient confusions. Utilization of Adderall in a school setting raises complexities with rivalry and grades. A few understudies on, â€Å"The BoredAt Web Sites†(Talbot, 655), present worries with, â€Å"Occasional disputes (I think there ought to be arbitrary medication testing at each exam)† Considering the exhibition and center lift neuroenhancers can give, this can give some assistance to examining. While a few understudies use neuroenhancers to excel, that leaves different understudies off guard, like competitors who dope to excel, a more up to date idea â€Å"brain doping†(Talbot, 659). What's more, much the same as sports, College is additionally serious, particularly centering at high polished methodology doctorate programs, where the most elite are picked. While prohibiting the utilization of neuroenhancers may appear to be a smart thought, the client won't care about on the off chance that they are restricted or not, the difficult will at present stay present.â Talbot addressed Alex once more, saying â€Å"he had returned to taking Adderall-a little portion each day. He felt that he was figuring out how to utilize the medication in a more â€Å"disciplined† manner.†(660) It seemed to yield brings about a difference in mindset and use, as Alex expressed, â€Å"it was less about keeping awake until late to complete schoolwork he ought to have done before, and more â€Å"about remaining focussed on work, which makes me need to work longer hours.† The utilization itself of adderall isn’t essentially that terrible part, as it the abuse for unseemly motivations to either excel or do what ought to have been finished. For Alex, it came down to his idea of utilization, he controlled his utilization of Adderall to improve his hard working attitude, instead of to dispirit it’s use for better evaluations and absence of a hard working attitude in the first place. Neurohancers don’t should be prohibited, but instead individuals should be taught on the impacts and results of it, so they can figure out how to control it in Alex’s â€Å"disciplined manner†(Talbot, 660). The medication itself isn't the issue, yet the abuse and absence of comprehension on it’s use. While prohibiting it is silly, controlling it, and how individuals morally use it ought to be the purpose of center moving on.â Works Cited Jardin, Bianca, et al. â€Å"Characteristics of College Students with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity  â  â â â â â â â â â â Disorder Symptoms Who Misuse Their Medications.† Journal of American College Health, vol. 59, no. 5, Apr/May2011, pp. 373-377. EBSCOhost, doi:  â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â  â â â â â â â â â â 10.1080/07448481.2010.513073 McCabe, Sean Esteban, et al. Non-Medical Use of Prescription Stimulants among US College  â  â â â â â â â â â â Students: Prevalence and Correlates from a National Survey. Dependence, vol. 100, no. 1, Jan. 2005, pp. 96-106. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2005.00944.x Talbot, Margaret. â€Å"Brain Gain: The Underground World of â€Å"Neuroenhancing† Drugs.† The New  â â â â â â â â â â Yorker, web, 19 June 2017, www.newyorker.com/magazine/2009/04/27/mind gain.

Applying Balanced Scorecard Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Applying Balanced Scorecard - Assignment Example Initial, a fair score card can be utilized in the money related classification to help assess data on key budgetary execution estimations. Such estimations include: chance evaluation examination and cost and advantage investigation. Also, a decent scorecard can enable the association to survey their exhibition with regards to the business procedure. A business scorecard measures how an organization is running when contrasted with the organization’s mission. To the extent the learning and development point of view of an association is concerned, an organization can assess its exhibition utilizing two measures. To start with, the accessibility of coaches and tutors in an association and besides, the accessibility of help if necessary by the representatives. In the client classification, measurements on assessing a customer’s fulfillment are urgent in checking the organization’s execution. In this class, polls can be utilized to assess customer’s fulfillment. Client protests ought to likewise be checked, as this will affect future business

Reading and Thought by Dwight MacDonald Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Perusing and Thought by Dwight MacDonald - Essay Example He has made a conspicuous difference between the individuals in the sixteenth century with the cutting edge individual and featured the negative effects of the propensities for a quick paced life. He has utilized Henry Luce’s journalistic realm for instance to intelligently get his point forward to the peruser through the models previously mentioned in this section. Be that as it may, I can't help contradicting Macdonald. Macdonald in his analysis doesn't view the innovative headways and the innovative work going on in this world. Current innovation has made availability to data such a great amount of simpler with the advancement of tablets, cell phones and workstations. Macdonald considers the web as an assortment of the world immaculate scholarly work. What Macdonald neglects to comprehend is that while the individuals in the sixteenth century had more opportunity to harp on the writing they did not have the amount of writing. There wasn’t data about everything accessible as in today’s world rather a great deal of time was spent on discovering relative writing. In correlation, discovering theme explicit data is amazingly effective and can be gotten to right away. Macdonald starts of his article by underlining how Henry Luce had come to money on the human common shortcoming of being ‘well informed’ and made a journalistic realm for himself. Henry Luce the proprietor of the ‘Time’magazine authored the term ‘functional curiosity’ and he accepts that it is a result of this his magazine’s course has ascended to in excess of 2,000,000 individuals since its origin in 1925. The word ‘functional interest can be characterized as one of the fundamental human hunger for getting information via looking and looking, it is the sort of ravenous and extreme hunger for information about what's going on wherever which isn't connected for beguilement purposes yet has a strong conviction that everything occurring

The social determinants of health for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander mothers - Free Essay Example

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, referred to as Indigenous Australians, experience significantly poorer health outcomes than non-Indigenous Australians. This is particularly true for Indigenous women. The difference in life expectancy between Indigenous and non-Indigenous women is some 9.5 years, and Indigenous mothers are three times as likely as non-Indigenous mothers to die during childbirth (AIHW, 2014a; AIHW, 2014b). There are many complex, interrelated social factors which impact the health of Indigenous people. This paper provides a critical analysis of the social determinants of health for Indigenous mothers in particular. Education is one of the most fundamental social determinants of health, and this is particularly true for Indigenous Australians. Education enables Indigenous women to access and interpret health-related information to prevent ill health, and it also improves their capacity to engage effectively with the health care system when necessary (Jones et al., 2014). In Indigenous women, higher levels of education are directly linked with positive health outcomes; for example, an Indigenous woman is less likely to smoke if she completes secondary schooling (Australian Government Department of Health Ageing, 2012; Biddle Cameron, 2012). However, Indigenous women have poor rates of formal education attainment; just 29% of Indigenous people complete Year 12 compared with a nationa l average of 73% (ABS, 2012). Indigenous women with a lower standard of education are more likely to bear a child in their adolescent years, a particular problem for Indigenous women generally, and are also more likely to have a child with a low birthweight (Comino et al., 2009; Osborne et al., 2013). Additionally, Indigenous mothers with lower standards of education are more likely to children with poor educational outcomes; this highlights the significant problems associated with the intergenerational transfer of health and social risk in Indigenous communities (Benzies et al., 2011). Education is related directly to an Indigenous womans level of economic participation à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" specifically, her ability to gain employment and earn an adequate income, both of which are key predictors of health (Osborne et al., 2013). Research suggests that an Indigenous persons chance of gaining employment increases by 40% if they complete Year 10 and by 53% if they complete Year 12 (N ew South Wales Government Department of Education Training, 2004). However, as with low education, low employment is a significant problem for Indigenous women; indeed, rates of unemployment for Indigenous women are above 16%, compared with a national average of just 4% (ABS, 2013). Economic disadvantage resulting from unemployment is a significant predictor of poor health. Booth and Carrol (2008) suggest that economic variables can explain up to 50% of the disparity in health between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. Additionally, and demonstrating the cyclical nature of socioeconomic disadvantage and poor health in Indigenous communities, research also suggests that poor health may explain 60% of the disparity in employment participation between Indigenous and non-Indigenous women (Kalb et al., 2011). Unemployment and socioeconomic disadvantage may affect the health of Indigenous women in a range of ways. Primarily, limited disposable income à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" in comb ination with a lack of food storage and cooking facilities within households and, particularly within remote communities, lack of access to fresh food itself à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" means indigenous women have reduced access to nutritionally-appropriate foods and lower food security (Osborne et al., 2013; Browne et al., 2014). Indeed, the diets of Indigenous people in many regions are characterised by a high intake of saturated fats, refined carbohydrates and salt, and little to no intake of fresh fibre-rich foods (ABS, 2006). In Indigenous women, as in all women, nutrition is fundamental to health in the ante-, intra- and post-partum periods (Browne et al., 2014). Poor dietary intake leads to high rates of gestational diabetes mellitus among Indigenous mothers à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 5.1%, compared with a national average of 4.5% (2000-2009 estimate) (Chamberlain et al., 2014). Poor nutritional status also underpins the burden of chronic disease evident in Indigenous women and particularly c hronic diseases related to obesity, which are a significant problem in Indigenous communities (Liaw et al., 2011). Around 60% of Indigenous women aged 25-55 years have a body mass index which indicates they are obese (ABS, 2006). Because of the risks posed by chronic disease, Indigenous mothers are significantly more likely than non-Indigenous mothers to require antenatal hospital admission (Badgery-Parker et al., 2012). Additionally, maternal chronic disease means that around 11% of indigenous neonates have a low birthweight (ABS, 2014). This is an important marker for increased risk of chronic disease, again demonstrating the cyclical nature of socioeconomic disadvantage and poor health outcomes in Indigenous communities. Socioeconomic disadvantage has a variety of other impacts on Indigenous mothers. For example, lack of employment and poverty mean that many Indigenous women have reduced access to appropriate housing. Up to 28% of Indigenous people live in housing which is sev erely overcrowded and where basic facilities à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" including showers, toilets and stoves à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" are not available or do not work (Osborne et al., 2013). Compounding the issue of poor housing is the fact that Indigenous Australians, and particularly those living in regional and remote communities, have disproportionate access to essential health infrastructure such as safe drinking water, rubbish collection services, sewerage systems and a reliable supply of power (Australian Human Rights Commission, 2007; Osborne et al., 2013). Indeed, lower standards of housing health infrastructure in Australian communities contribute directly to the high rates of parasitic and bacterial infection and increased rates of physical injury à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" for example, from house fires à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" among Indigenous women (Bailie Wayte, 2006). Inappropriate, overcrowded housing has had other impacts on Indigenous mothers. Specifically, it has led to breakdowns in tr aditional, complex social structures, norms and spiritual practices in Indigenous communities (Osborne et al., 2013). This has resulted in increases in the rates violence, including domestic violence, perpetrated against Indigenous women; indeed, Indigenous women are 40 times more likely than non-Indigenous women to experience violence, and are 35 times more likely to experience intra-familial violence which results in hospitalisation (Osborne et al., 2013). Indigenous people are also significantly more likely than non-Indigenous people to experience sexual assault (Phillips Park, 2006; ABS, 2009). The Australian Human Rights Commission (2007) notes that a combination of unemployment, the receipt of welfare payments and a lower standard of education also predispose Indigenous women to an increased risk of poor health outcomes due to violence. In Indigenous women in particular, social capital à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" including a connection with community, country and culture, is positi vely correlated with wellbeing (Brough et al., 2004; Biddle, 2012; Osborne et al., 2013). The relationship between social capital and mental wellbeing, particularly in Indigenous people, is well-established, however the correlation between social capital and physical wellbeing is now also acknowledged. For example, a number of Australian studies have demonstrated that Indigenous people who are connected to their community, country and culture are less likely to be diagnosed with a range of chronic health conditions including obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and renal disease (Burgess et al., 2009; Campbell et al., 2011). Where there are declines in social capital, therefore, the mental and physical health of Indigenous women also decline. Shepherd et al. (2012) report on the growing body of knowledge which suggests that Indigenous peoples social environment may significantly affect their mental health. Rates of mental illness among Indigenous women are high; indeed, Indig enous women are 2.6 times as likely as non-Indigenous women to report experiencing psychological distress and are also more likely to engage in self-harm and / or suicide (Australian Human Rights Commission, 2007; Burns et al. 2015, np). Mental illness is also strongly correlated with poverty; for example, Australian research suggests that people in poverty lack a sense of control over their lives and so experience higher levels of psychological stress (Australian Human Rights Commission, 2007). In addition to poor mental health, psychological stress can also lead to poor physical health outcomes à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" specifically, via negative effects on the immune and cardiovascular systems and metabolic function (Australian Human Rights Commission, 2007; Shepherd et al., 2012). Mental illness is not only underpinned by social health determinants, it is also problematic in terms of modifying the social factors which underpin poor health outcomes in Indigenous communities. For example , Marmot (2011) suggests that, in Indigenous communities, marginalisation results in disempowerment which in turn leads many Indigenous women to perceive little value in efforts to make health-related changes. Social dysfunction and high rates of mental illness in Indigenous communities is driven by à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" and, indeed, drives à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" the high rate of substance abuse in these communities (Osborne et al., 2013).   Indigenous women are twice as likely as non-Indigenous women to smoke on a daily basis, and three times as likely to smoke during pregnancy (Osborne et al., 2013; Passey et al., 2013). Approximately 50% of Indigenous people report consuming alcohol at least once per week, 28% report current regular use of illicit substances including cannabis and other drugs, and 15% engage in risky behaviours related to substance use (ABS, 2006). Substance abuse is an important social determinant of health; the correlation between substance use and poor outc omes in terms of both physical and mental health in adults is well-established. Whilst the prevalence of Indigenous mothers who use alcohol and illicit substances is unknown, rates of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and neonatal abstinence syndrome are high among Indigenous neonates (AIHW, 2015). Additionally, Indigenous mothers who abuse substances are at greater risk of losing custody of their children; because of the relationship between social capital and health in Indigenous communities, this can itself be perceived as a poor health outcome (Australian Human Rights Commission, 2007; Osborne et al., 2013). As noted by the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing (2013), poverty limits the access of many Indigenous people to health care services. This is particularly true in regional and remote communities à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" and approximately 46% of Indigenous women live in an area classified as regional or remote (ABS, 2010). Though many regional and remote Indig enous communities are supported by fly-in fly-out health services, research suggests that fragmented services and discontinuity of care can contribute to poor health outcomes for Indigenous women (Bar-Zeev et al., 2012). Many communities have no health services at all, and to receive medical attention Indigenous women are often required to travel long distances to regional centres. Although the federal government subsidises the transport and accommodation expenses associated with such trips, general living costs borne by Indigenous women are often significant (Kildea et al., 2010). Additionally, the costs for those accompanying a woman are often not subsidised, so women may be required to travel without support (Kildea et al., 2010). These issues affect Indigenous mothers disproportionately; for example, in comparison to non-Indigenous women, Indigenous women tend to access antenatal care both less frequently and later in their pregnancy, and this is underpinned by lack of access to care (Osborne et al., 2013). Further complicating these issues is the fact that the risk-prevention paradigm evident in many medicalised health services is incompatible with the holistic perception of health held by many Indigenous women (Ireland et al., 2011). Additionally, historic protectionist and paternalist attitudes directed towards Indigenous people continue to pervade many medicalised health services in Australia. Durey and Thompson (2012) suggest that racism, both covert and overt, towards Indigenous women in Australian health services remains a significant problem; indeed, the Australian Human Rights Commission (2007) notes that systematic discrimination is a key factor underpinning the lack of opportunity for Indigenous Australians achieve a health status equitable to that of non-Indigenous Australians. These issues associated with culturally-safe service provision often culminate in Indigenous mothers disengaging from medicalised health services. This is a significa nt problem considering a lack of antenatal and intrapartum care in particular, and health care in general, is fundamental to the high maternal morbidity and mortality rates in Indigenous communities (AIHW, 2014a). This paper has provided a critical analysis of the many social determinants of health for Australias Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" and, particularly, Indigenous mothers. It has demonstrated that social factors underpin the health of Indigenous mothers in both the physical and mental domains. It has also provided evidence for the complex relationship between health and social determinants in Indigenous mothers. References Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2006, National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey, 2004-05: Summary of findings, viewed 26 September 2015, https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[emailprotected]/mf/4715.0 Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2009, Indigenous victims of crime, viewed 26 September 2015, https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[emailprotected]/0/A06006790A9C4474CA2577360017A885?opendocument Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2010, Demographic, social and economic characteristics overview: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and where they live, viewed 26 September 2015, https://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/[emailprotected]/lookup/4704.0Chapter210Oct+2010 Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2012, Topics at a glance: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples education, learning and skills, viewed 26 September 2015, https://www.abs.gov.au/websitedbs/c311215.nsf/web/Aboriginal+and+Torres+Strait+Islander+Peoples+-+Education,+Learning+and+Skil ls Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2013, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples labour force outcomes, viewed 26 September 2015, https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[emailprotected]/Lookup/4102.0Main+Features20Nov+2013 Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2014, Birthweight of babies born to Indigenous mothers, viewed 26 September 2015, https://www.aihw.gov.au/publication-detail/?id=60129548202 Australian Government Department of Health Ageing 2012, Aboriginal Torres Strait Islander Health Performance Framework, viewed 25 September 2015, https://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/Publishing.nsf/Content/F766FC3D8A697685CA257BF0001C96E8/$File/hpf-2012.pdf Australian Government Department of Health 2013, Social determinants of health, viewed 25 September 2015, https://www.health.gov.au/internet/publications/publishing.nsf/Content/oatsih-healthplan-toc~determinants Australian Human Rights Commission 2007, Social determinants and the health of Indigenouspeoples in Australia: A human rights based approach, viewed 25 September 2015, https://www.humanrights.gov.au/news/speeches/social-determinants-and-health-indigenous-peoples-australia-human-rights-based Australian Institute of Health Welfare (AIHW) 2014a, Mortality and life expectancy of Indigenous Australians: 2008-2012, viewed 25 September 2015, https://www.aihw.gov.au/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=60129548468 Australian Institute of Health Welfare (AIHW) 2014b, Maternal deaths in Australia: 2006-2010, viewed 26 September 2015, https://www.aihw.gov.au/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=60129548375 Australian Institute of Health Welfare (AIHW) 2015, Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: a review of interventions for prevention and management in Indigenous communities, viewed 26 September 2015, https://www.aihw.gov.au/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=60129550296 Badgery-Parker, T, Ford, JB, Jenkins, MG, Morris, JM Roberts, CL 2012, Patterns and outcomes of preterm hospital admissions du ring pregnancy in NSW, 2001-2008, Medical Journal of Australia, vol. 196, no. 4, pp. 261-265, viewed 26 September 2015, https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2012/196/4/patterns-and-outcomes-preterm-hospital-admissions-during-pregnancy-nsw-2001-2008 Bailie, RS Wayte, KJ 2006, Housing and health in Indigenous communities: Key issues for housing and health improvement in remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities, Australian Journal of Rural Health, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 178-183. Bar-Zeev, SJ, Barclay, L, Farrington, C Kildea, S 2012, From hospital to home: The quality and safety of a postnatal discharge system used for remote-dwelling Aboriginal mothers and infants in the Top End of Australia, Midwifery, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 366-373. Benzies, K, Tough, S, Edwards, N, Mychasiuk, R Donnelly, C 2011, Aboriginal children and their caregivers living with low income: Outcomes from a two-generation preschool program, Journal of Child Family Studies, vol. 20, no. 3, p. 311-3 18. Biddle, N 2012, Measures of Indigenous social capital and their relationship with well-being, Australian Journal of Rural Health, vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 298-304. Biddle, N Cameron, T 2012, The benefits of Indigenous education: Data findings and data gaps, Australian National University, viewed 26 September 2015, https://press.anu.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/ch071.pdf Booth, AL Carrol, N 2008, Economic status and the Indigenous / non-Indigenous health gap. Economics Letters, vol. 99, no. 3, pp. 604-606. Brough, M, Bone C Hunt, J 2004, Strong in the city: Towards a strength-based approach in Indigenous health promotion, Health Promotion Journal of Australia, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 215-220. Browne, J, Hayes, R Gleeson, D 2014, Aboriginal health policy: Is nutrition the gap in Closing the Gap?, Australian New Zealand Journal of Public Health, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 362-369. Burgess, CP, Johnston, FH, Berry, ML, McDonnell, J, Yibarbuk, D, Gunabarra, C, Mileran, A Bailie, RS 2009, Healthy country, healthy people: The relationship between Indigenous health status and caring for country, Medical Journal of Australia, vol. 190, no. 10, pp. 567-572., viewed 26 September 2015, https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2009/190/10/healthy-country-healthy-people-relationship-between-indigenous-health-status-and Burns, J, MacRae, A, Thomson, N, Anomie, M, Gray, C, Levitan, L, McLoughlin, N, Potter, C, Ride, K, Stumpers, S, Trzesinki, A Urquhart, B 2013, Summary of Indigenous womens health, viewed 26 September 2015, https://www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au/population-groups/women/reviews/our-review Campbell, D, Burgess, CP, Garnett, ST Wakerman, J 2011, Potential primary health care savings for chronic disease care associated with Australian Aboriginal involvement in land management, Health Policy, vol. 99, no. 1, pp. 83-89. Chamberlain, C, Banks, E, Joshy, G, Diouf, I, Oats, JJ, Gubhaiu, L Eades, S 2014, Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus amon g Indigenous women and comparison with non-Indigenous Australian women: 1990-2009, Australian New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics Gynaecology, vol. 54, no. 5, pp. 433-440. Comino, E, Knight, J, Webster, V, Jackson-Pulver, L, Jalaludin, B, Harris, E, Craig, P, McDermott, D, , Henry, R Harris, M 2012, Risk and protective factors for pregnancy outcomes for urban Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal mothers and infants: The gudaga cohort, Maternal Child Health Journal, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 569-578. Durey, A Thompson, SC 2012, Reducing the health disparities of Indigenous Australians: Time to change focus, BMC Health Services Research, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 151-161. Ireland, S, Wulili, N, Concepta, B Kildea, S 2011, Niyith nniyith watman (the quiet story): Exploring the experiences of Aboriginal women who give birth in their remote community, Midwifery, vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 634-641. Jones, K, Parker, EJ Jamieson, LM 2014, Access, literacy and behavioural correlates of poor self-rat ed oral health amongst an Indigenous South Australian population, Community Dental Health, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 167-171. Kalb, G, Le, T Leung, F 2011, Decomposing differences in labour force status between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, viewed 25 September 2015, https://ftp.iza.org/dp6808.pdf Kildea, S, Kruske, S, Barclay, L Tracy, S 2010, Closing the gap: How maternity services can contribute to reducing poor maternal / infant health outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women, Rural Remote Health, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 1-18. Liaw, ST, Lau, P, Pyett, P, Furler, J, Burchill, M, Rowley, K Kelaher, M 2011, Successful chronic disease care for Aboriginal Australians requires cultural competence, Australian New Zealand Journal of Public Health, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 238-248. Marmot, M 2011, Social determinants and the health of Indigenous Australians, Aboriginal Islander Health Worker Journ al, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 21-22. New South Wales Government Department of Education and Training 2004, The Report of the Review of Aboriginal Education, viewed 26 September 2015, https://www.det.nsw.edu.au/media/downloads/reviews/aboriginaledu/report/aer2003_04.pdf Osborne, K, Baum, F Brown, L 2013, What works? A review of actions addressing the social and economic determinants of Indigenous health, Australian Institute of Health Welfare, viewed 25 September 2015, https://www.aihw.gov.au/uploadedFiles/ClosingTheGap/Content/Publications/2013/ctgc-ip07.pdf Passey, ME, Bryant, J, Hall, AE Sanson-Fisher, RW 2013, How will we close the gap in smoking rates for pregnant Indigenous women?, Medical Journal of Australia, vol. 199, no. 1, pp. 39-41. Phillips, J Park, M 2006, Measuring domestic violence and sexual assault against women: A review of the literature and statistics, Parliament of Australia, viewed 26 September 2015, https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamenta ry_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/Publications_Archive/archive/ViolenceAgainstWomen Shepherd, CCJ, Li, Jianghong Zubrick, SR 2012, Social gradients in the health of Indigenous Australians, American Journal of Public Health, vol. 102, no. 1, pp. 107-117.

The Veil of Economic Inequality - Literature Essay Samples

In 1903 the controversial black rights leader W.E.B. DuBois wrote one of the most influential African-American books to date. In The Souls of Black Folk, DuBois proclaims that the problem of the twentieth Century is the problem of the color-line(xxxi). Now, the twenty-first century has begun and it seems as though the color-line issue, of distinct racial prejudice, has been resolved through the elimination of slavery and racial segregation and the application of the Civil Rights Act. In truth however, America has not conquered the race problem. Now, though less identifiable, the new problem of the color-line is even more applicable post the benchmark Civil Rights Act. Though there have been slight advancements in social equality, there is, more than ever, economic conflict and class struggle embedded in racial discrimination, leading to the new problem of the twenty-first Century, racial inequality in economics and class. DuBois very broadly describes the problem of the color-line in The Souls of Black Folk, in much length and expertise. However it can be summed up in one question from the book: How does it feel to be a problem? To which, DuBois answers being a problem is a strange experience (DuBois, 1). DuBois poses this query to himself, other blacks in America, and even whites. He asks African Americans to revaluate their current status in America. DuBois seeks out blacks that will not only understand and realize the current anti-black sentiment of the time, but also actively work to change the distinctive conception of black racial identity, in a society that viewed blacks with contempt. DuBois openly announces that he is the problem. He doesnt wish anyone to avoid the issue of racial division, saying such things as I know an excellent colored man in my town; or, I fought at Mechanicsville (DuBois, 1). He admits to contributing to the twentieth century problem in America, the continued struggle for social recognition and cultural identity of blacks. The p roblem is both as simple and complex as the statement. According to DuBois, the problem in twentieth century America is blacks. However, complexity arises when analyzing the social situation of blacks in America. The problem is rooted in ethnic divisions between blacks and whites, but develops much further into the effects, mentally, economically and socially, on African Americans. Thus we have the seemingly changed twenty-first century, where due to elimination of forced slavery and segregation, we have so proclaimed equality between blacks and whites. However, does this forgiveness of the dark side of American history, really give us evidence of equality? Though we have made advancements, racial inequality is still prominent in our post-Civil Rights age. Is equality evident in schools, where teenagers still self-segregate between races? In Gary Younges article White-Only Proms Dancing to an Old Southern Segregationist Tune, he reported in 2003, students in rural Georgia at Taylor County High School self segregated their prom. A milestone event, the school held its first integrated prom in 31 years in 2002. However, due to interracial conflicts in the 2002 school year, school officials stopped sponsoring dances, and shortly after, parents and students began organizing separate dances for whites and blacks. However, this self-segregation is not an isolated issue; Bob Jones University in South Carolina only lifted its ban on interracial dating in 2000. Also in 2000, the high school in Coldwater, Mississippi, held separate votes for its black and white homecoming queens (Younge). Though these situations were all self imposed by blacks, self-segregation instances do shed light on an important critique in American social inequality. If blacks were made to feel equal with whites they would not self segregate themselves, and perhaps be more motivated to incorporate themselves into a higher social and economic status, on par with whites.Thus we begin to uncover the p sychology of the black individual, the fragmentation of power. DuBois refers to the strange experience as being born with a veil, and gifted with second-sight in this American world, a world which yields him no true self-consciousness, but only lets him see himself through the revelation of the other world always looking at ones self through the eyes of others, of measuring ones soul by the tape of a world that looks on in amused contempt and pity (DuBois, 38). This fragmentation creates a sense of two selves, neither one recognized by whites. In a study connecting physical ailments with subtle racial prejudice, Rob Stein reported Sarah Person, a member of the study; to having said It (racial prejudice) happens all the time. Its part of day-to-day experiences, unfortunately. But you are never prepared for it, it makes you feel like youre out of rhythm with the rest of the world, and like theres no justice. Blacks want what we all want, to better ourselves. They however, must first m erge the double self into one truer self, recognized by all of America. Unfortunately, this decision to change cannot be made by blacks alone. DuBois called out to Americans all across the nation to make it possible for a man to be both a Negro and an American, without being cursed and spit upon by his fellows, without having the doors of Opportunity closed rough in his face (DuBois, 39). The doors of Opportunity, unfortunately, have not been completely opened to blacks, even since DuBoiss call for justice in 1903. Though advancements have been made in black education efforts, social welfare and sports, America has really not developed as well or as quickly as the greatest nation on earth should have. White America fails to recognize many important black attributes. For example, in the 1996 Olympics, European squads fantasies of gold were being crushed by a U.S. Dream Team of eleven West African-Americans and a lone white (Sailer). However, we ignore those aspects of American socie ty where equality is most important, such as equal employment opportunity and social equality. One may argue that blacks are slowly rising to equality in these areas, for example, publicly important figure Secretary of State, Condoleezza Rice. However, only upon investigation of her role as Secretary of State can we truly understand her function as a false ethnic icon. Rice stands on a pedestal to be viewed by all Americans, blacks and whites. Her purpose is to portray blacks as rising in social and economic standing. According to The Black Commentator, blacks, historically excluded from high titles, have applauded every African American first as collective victory. This was a logical and correct response to the solid wall of white refusal to tolerate the presence of Black faces in high places. In such circumstances, which still prevail today in vast swaths of American society, individual advancement actually does represent a kind of collective triumph. The rule applies, even in are as of endeavor having little effect on the lives of Black people. Indeed, the more exclusively white the enclave or activity, the greater the shared victory once the color line is crossed (The Black Commentator). However, as one critic states, Rice is the purest expression of the race traitor (The Black Commentator). Many would say, according to DuBois, that she has bleached her Negro soul in a flood of white Americanism, supporting such anti-black opinions as the Bush partys campaign against affirmative action. Though we are making progress, at what alarmingly slow rate is this progression continuing? Blacks are still the targets of economic and social prejudice in mainstream areas, such as the American judicial system. The Federal Bureau of Justice revealed an alarming statistic; Twenty percent of all black men born from 1965 through 1969 had served time in prison by the time they reached their early thirties. By comparison, less than 3 percent of white males born in the same time period had been in prison. Being jailed in federal or state prisons has become so common today that more young black men in the United States have done time than have served in the military or earned a college degree. (Schwarz). Spending time in jail, or persecution by the law seems to be an everyday part of black lives. Is it that blacks are really dramatically more crime prone than whites? Or could the issue at hand be unequal treatment under the law? This concept is so real and appropriate nowadays that the issue of unequal racial treatment under the law has even forced itself into contemporary music. Popular black rapper, Jay-Z, brings light on the subject in his song, 99 Problems. The song describes all of the problems a young black man faces, one being unequal race treatment. The song details the correspondence between a white police officer and the black male driver he has pulled over: White officer: Son do you know why Im stoppin you for? Black man: Cause Im young and Im b lack and my hats real low. Do I look like a mind reader, sir? I dont know. Am I under arrest or should I guess some mo?White officer: Well you was doin fifty-five in a fifty-fo. License and registration and step out of the car. Are you carryin a weapon on you, I know a lot of you are. (Jay-Z)Contrary to the common stereotype, there is no evidence to suggest blacks are simply more violent or prone to crime. They are perhaps, more motivated to commit profit crimes in order to rise in economic status. Therefore, there is a social and psychological reason behind these crimes. We, as Americans, then have a more complex dilemma to solve, establishing economic equality between blacks and whites. Thus, blacks would be less inclined to commit the two most frequent non-violent crimes in the United States, theft and drug possession with intent to sell (Federal Bureau of Justice). Then blacks can be further integrated into higher American society, enough to shed their double selves for a more c oncise, accurate and respected one.Economic inequality is further evident where black wages are still lower than white wages. PhD. Professor of Sociology, David Newman states, according to the U.S. Bureau of the Census, that the average annual income for black households is $30,43, compared to $44,232 for whites. Black unemployment is also twice as high as that of whites and only 48% of blacks own their own homes compared to 74% of whites (Newman, 389). Though America has abolished such inequalities as slavery and forced segregation, Americans have not proved the wishful idea that after years of racial inequality, blacks and whites are finally equal in all aspects of law and society. The color-line problem has not been resolved, merely changed to show the economic and psychological aspects of black fragmentation and powerlessness, the new problem of the twenty-first century. The problem of economic inequality is simply an expansion of the racial crisis. This powerlessness was horrif ically made known to the rest of America after the crisis of Hurricane Katrina on the Gulf Coast. Over a million people were displaced after the class five hurricane hit the city of New Orleans on August 29, 2005. The official death toll stands at 1,325, with 6,644 others unaccounted for, and 1,300 of them feared dead (Hurricane Katrina). The hurricane not only did irreplaceable damage to one of Americas great cities, it also devastated Americas progressing racial equality. The U.S. Census Bureau estimates the 2004 New Orleans population to be 20% white and 68% black. Within the city itself, the poorest citizens tended to live in the lowest parts that are most vulnerable to flooding, most of these citizens being black. Vivid news video and photographs accurately showed primarily poor, black citizens stranded in New Orleans, without food, water or shelter. Furthering the racial conflict, specific derogatory language was later used in regard to predominately black citizens, referred t o as looters. Looting usually means large-scale theft and pillaging, not the taking of necessities such as water, that some desperate people engaged in. On September 2, while presenting the Concert for Hurricane Relief, music producer and rapper Kanye West openly said what so many black activists and political minds were thinking. He strayed from his script and addressed the racism of both the government and of the media, stating, George Bush doesnt care about black people. He also asked the media to stop labeling African-American families as looters while white families were depicted as looking for food (Hurricane Katrina). Hurricane Katrina has opened many American minds to United States racial inequalities, including that of health. Poverty, unemployment, and neglect all contribute to the health divide for the poorest black communities across the United States. However, the result is a racial health gap, which has endured and even grown, despite years of health development and o verall economic growth. As we struggle to rebuild the damage of Katrina, the most destructive and natural disaster in the history of the United States, American, now more than ever, should analyze and speculate to create more racially equal communities. It is even more important that we and others apply these lessons to help the many other individuals and communities who continue to languish out of the public eye (Dickinson). The root of under employed and under paid black Americans is unequal racial prejudice and discrimination. If blacks are not equal in racial standing how can they receive equal treatment, legally and socially? Therefore we have the altered, the veiled economic problem, of the twenty-first century. In The Souls of Black Folk, DuBois coins one of the most simple and descriptive terms in understanding the quintessential African American experience. He reveals that all African Americans are living in the two worlds within and without the Veil, a Veil of uncertainty that implies the whites lack of clarity in seeing blacks as true Americans, deserving of every legal and social right they themselves posses (xxxi). The veil also explains blacks lack of understanding as to how they see themselves, separate from white America and their stereotypes and assumptions. Even after racial advancements such as the Civil Rights Act, we have a new crisis that is not actually so different from the old one. Racial inequality has been veiled, though evident in so many aspects of everyday American life, to reveal economic inequality, the new racial problem of twenty-first century America.Works CitedDickinson, Emma. A Virtual Katrina of Deaths Every Week in US Due to Racial Health Gap. 20 Oct. 2005. British Medical Journal. 5 Dec. 2005. DuBois, W.E.B. The Souls of Black Folks. Chicago: A.C. McClurg and Co., 1903. Hurricane Katrina. Wikipedia. 6 Dec. 2005. Jay-Z. 99 Problems. The Black Album. Rick Ruben., 2005.Newman, David M. Sociology: Exploring the Architectu re of Everyday Life. 5th ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, Inc., 2004. Sailer, Steve. Great Black Hopes. 12 Oct. 1996. National Review. 4 Dec. 2005. .Schwarz, Joel. More Young Black Men Have Done Prison Time than Military Service or Earned College Degree, Study Shows. 20 May 2004. The Real Cost of Prisons Weblog. 4 Dec. 2005. .Stein, Rob. Study Links Discrimination, Blacks Health Stress From Persistent, Subtle Slights May Increase Heart Disease Risk in Women Washington Post 1 May 2005. A17The Black Commentator. Condoleeza Rice: The Devils Handmaiden. 4 Dec. 2005. .The Federal Bureau of Justice. Key Crime and Justice Facts at A Glance. 13 Nov. 2005. 5 Dec. 2005. . Younge, Gary. White-Only Proms: Dancing to an Old Southern Segregationist Tune. Guardian Unlimited. 3 May 2003. Guardian Newspapers Limited. 10 Nov. 2005 .

10 Things I Hate about You and The Taming of the Shrew

The film â€Å"10 Things I Hate About You† is based loosely on William Shakespeare’s 15th century play â€Å"The Taming of the Shrew†. The misogynistic play tells the story of how Petrucio essentially torments his headstrong wife, Katharina (also called â€Å"Katherine† and â€Å"Kate†) until she â€Å"becomes a compliant and obedient bride† (wikipedia). The story simultaneously follows the story of many suitors competing for the love of Katharina’s sister, Bianca (Wikipedia). The film adaptation, â€Å"10 Things I Hate About You†, is a more progressive twist on the original storyline, which takes place in a â€Å"contemporary American high school† (Hateley 2). The characters in the film have similar names to the characters in the play; Petrucio becomes â€Å"Patrick†, Katharina becomes â€Å"Kat†, and Bianca’s name remains the same. The plot in â€Å"10 Things I Hate About You† is similar in t hat both Kat and Bianca are viewed as prizes to be won; Bianca is only permitted to date if her older sister does, as mandated by their father. To overcome this barrier, Joey, the villain of the film, pays Patrick to date Kat so that he may be allowed to date Bianca. At the same time, Cameron, the more innocent, naà ¯ve character after Bianca’s heart, works with Patrick to help him win over Kat so that he too may have a chance at dating the ingà ©nue Bianca (10 Things). While the overlapping tones of misogyny and domination of women are apparent in both pieces, â€Å"10 Things I Hate About You† draws attention to these blatant hegemonic themesShow MoreRelatedTaming Of The Shrew And 10 Thing I Hate About You1063 Words   |  5 Pages Money isn’t the only thing that is valuable in this world. Although in many film texts this is not the case. Particularly in â€Å"Taming of the Shrew† and â€Å"10 Thing I Hate About You† because in both of the films, the main male characters Patrick and Petruchio are predominantly motivated by money. However, they ended up falling for Kat and Katharina who have been set up as the archetypal shrews in both films. During the Elizabethan era money was a major factor that influenced society’s view of yourRead MoreTaming of the Shrew/ 10 Things I Hate About You1584 Words   |  7 PagesThe story of The Taming of the Shrew is one that raises important issues both in the Shakespearean text and in the modern appropriation 10 Things I Hate About You. How does each composers use of this story reflect the time in which each was composed The Taming of the Shrew was written in the Elizabethan Era in England at a time when men were considered to be superior to women. The patriarchal society of this time is reflected to a large extent in the text and various implications of traditionalRead MoreTaming Of The Shrew And 10 Things I Hate About You Analysis1390 Words   |  6 PagesShakespeare’s Taming of the Shrew as well as its adaptation 10 Things I Hate About You by Gil Junger, represent their respective ideas on love which shares its similarities and differences, both portraying love in their own forms. Both texts highlight the ideals of love in their context as well as one of the main courtships, Katharina and Petruchio, involved in love, portraying their values of love. The transformation of love within context shapes Katharina’s personality in Taming of the Shrew. Kate’sRead More10 Things I Hate About You Taming of the Shrew: Appropriation1376 Words   |  6 Pages10 Things I Hate About You The Taming of the Shrew The historical and cultural contexts of Shakespeare’s The Taming of the Shrew (TTS) and the 1999 film 10 Things I Hate About You (10TIH) differ exceptionally, resulting in the film’s expression of values unlike those expressed in Shakespeare’s original text. Shakespeare’s play was written during the Elizabethan era, during which the belief that men were superior to women was prevalent. This concept is centralised in TTS, through incorporationRead MoreThe Power of Love in 10 Things I Hate About You and Taming of the Shrew1491 Words   |  6 Pagesin 10 Things I Hate About You and Taming of the Shrew The Power of Love is portrayed in various themes throughout both. Some of which depict superficial love, motivation by money and love-at-first-sight. These ideas can be contrasted and compared between the 1500 Elizabethan time of Shakespeares play The Taming of the Shrew and the present contemporary period of teenage movie 10 Thing I Hate About You. Read MoreThe Taming Of The Shrew And 10 Things I Hate About You Directed By Gil Junger1365 Words   |  6 Pageseveryone in Shakespeare’s audience.† – Dorothea Kehler Detecting intertextual relationships between The Taming of the Shrew by William Shakespeare and 10 Things I Hate About You directed by Gil Junger has enriched my understanding of feminism in the American society. The Taming of The Shrew, written in 1593, challenges cultural expectations of women’s rights at that time. 10 Things I Hate About You however, was produced to fit the context of 1990’s America. A period when a great deal of anxiety wasRead MoreTaming Of The Shrew By William Shakespeare And 10 Things I Hate About You By Gil Junger1365 Words   |  6 PagesCultural Change Around The World, 2003) Detecting the intertextual relationship between Taming of the Shrew by William Shakespeare and 10 Things I Hate About You by Gil Junger, has greatly enhanced and enriched my understanding of love and gender and it’s varying ideals throughout the centuries. Taming of the Shrew depicts the quintessential features of a 16th century marriage, whilst 10 Things I Hate About You, its 21st century counterpart, has been rebooted to match the modern cultural expectationsRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Taming Of The Shrew1180 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Shakespeare s ‘The Taming of the Shrew’ is a controversial comedy that has more than 1 interpretation. The 2 prominent interpretations is that it a misogynistic play or that it is a love story about a man liberating a woman. This play has been adapted into any movies the 2 that were studied were ‘The Taming of the Shrew’, produced in 1967 and ‘10 Things I Hate About You’, made in 1999. Upon view ing these 2 movies I found that ‘The Taming of the Shrew’ had a great deal of misogyny throughoutRead MoreThe Taming Of The Shrew1180 Words   |  5 PagesDuring the 1600s, William Shakespeare wrote the play The Taming of the Shrew. This play has been well-known throughout the ages. The play has been adapted into film and the two most popular version of it are The Taming of the Shrew and 10 Things I Hate About You. The movie The Taming of the Shrew was released in 1967, while the newer version came out as, 10 Things I Hate About You which was released in 1999. Even though these two variations are based off the same play they have many similaritiesRead MoreAnalysis Of Taming Of The Shrew 908 Words   |  4 PagesTaming of the Shrew by William Shakespeare, the indication of a woman being the possession of her husband, and having to do everything that he proposes her to do is presented. Katherine has to acquire appropriate manners toward a man in advance before her sist er Bianca can wed. Bianca wishes to marry one of her suitors/bachelors, but she can’t due to tradition because the older sister has to marry first. In 10 Things I Hate About You, a analogous argument, the notion of a girl requiring appropriate

Evil And The Existence Of God - 1147 Words

This essay is based on how the problem of evil attacks head on into the existence of god who is all good, all powerful and all knowing. The problem of evil is a wide area that can t be outrun easily. The concept of evil has been problematic to many philosophers. When speaking about evil, we all have the idea that is the absence of good. For some religious people, Evil has been described as a supernatural force, although for others is been described as part of the human nature. Blackburn mainly raise his argument against religion, by addressing his argument of evil against the very existence of God. Blackburn states that if evil exist, why is God not doing anything about it. According to religion, God is all powerful, all good and all†¦show more content†¦why would god create too much evil in order to make us stronger? Many People claim that through suffering, people grow to become a better person, but at what cost? Because if we do the math, we lose too much to evil than what we benefit from it For instance, let s look at the example of this popular fictional character: Bruce Wayne from the Batman series, his story is based on that he lose both of his parents that were brutally murder in front of his very eyes, he sacrifices his own future of happiness in order to protect his city, in which he later became the Batman. As we can see, Bruce Wayne withstood pain to the extend that made him a hero. However, the price he had to paid for becoming a hero was too much. Moreover, no matter how many times he took down his evil enemies, they always find a way to get up, basically the life of this fictional character is mainly suffering. God is suppose to be the one fighting these battles, our supposedly father who is immortal and all powerful. I haven t seen a slightly miracle through the entire history, mainly what I read at my history class in my years of high school were mostly about wars and slavery. In my dictionary, History is synonymous of madness. In what I;m about to say, it may sound uncomfortable for some, but let s imagine for a moment that your country is at war and for some reason you and your family are stuck in your house, and then a military group breaks into your house and kills both og your parents, andShow MoreRelatedThe Existence Of God : Evil1297 Words   |  6 PagesThe Existence of God Throughout the years as the human species keeps learning about the world we live in, we are finding out that we are surrounded everywhere by evil. This seems to conflict with the belief of theism, one who believes in a God or Gods, especially a personal God who’s in control of the world. If there was an all-omnipotent, all-omniscient, and all-benevolent God, then he should have consummate knowledge that there’s evil in the world. Given that, if he knows there’s corruptionRead MoreThe Existence Of God : Evil1293 Words   |  6 Pages The Existence of God Throughout the years as the human species keeps learning about the world we live in, we are finding out that we are surrounded everywhere by evil. This seems to conflict with the belief of theism, one who believes in a God or Gods, especially a personal God who’s in control of the world. If there was an all-omnipotent, all-omniscient, and all-benevolent God, then he should have consummate knowledge that there’s evil in the world. Given that, if heRead MoreThe Problem Of Evil And The Existence Of God1636 Words   |  7 PagesThe Problem of Evil is one of the most influential and common arguments in modern philosophy against the existence of a Greater Being, God (Trakakis, 2006). Both Theist, those who believe in the existence of God, and Atheist, those who don’t believe in the existence of God, argue that evil exists in the world. The Problem of Evil explores whether the existence of evil and suffering constitutes significance evidence for atheism. When looking a t the definition of the greater being, most refer to theRead MoreThe Belief Of Evil And The Existence Of God1780 Words   |  8 Pagesof religion is the discussion between theists and skeptics on the existence of God. Atheists say that there is a logical inconsistency between the existence of evil and the existence of God. However, theists believe that the mere existence of evil is not sufficient enough to completely dismiss the possibility of a morally perfect being existing This paper will discuss the logical inconsistencies between God and the â€Å"problem of evil† as well as the theist s response to this argument through the free-willRead MoreThe Existence of God and Evil Essay2232 Words   |  9 PagesThe Existence of God and Evil The problem of evil has been around since the beginning. How could God allow such suffering of his â€Å"chosen people†? God is supposedly all loving (omni-benevolent) and all powerful (omnipotent) and yet He allows His creations to live in a world of danger and pain. Two philosophers this class has discussed pertaining to this problem is B.C. Johnson and John Hick. Johnson provides the theists’ defense of God and he argues them. These include free will, moral urgency,Read MoreWhy God Allowed For The Existence Of Evil1703 Words   |  7 Pagesreasons of why God allowed for the existence of evil, if they are able to examine the logical problem in totality. Without doubt, there are plenty of coherent arguments that can combat the claims steming from the logical problem of evil. Alternatively though, the next objection cannot be addressed in the same fashion. The de jure argument, as known as the plausibility problem, requires a greater emphasis on the emotional consequences, rather than the specific and factual results of evil. The PlausibiltyRead MoreThe Existence Of God And The Battle Between Good And Evil1386 Words   |  6 PagesThe existence of God and the battle between good and evil has been a topic of much discussion for centuries. Through the philosophical scope, there is a â€Å"Problem of Evil† that challenges the existence an all-powerful God if there is evil in the world. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, was a German philosopher who argued about the topic of the problem of evil. Leibniz argued that (1) evil is not necessary; (2) that there is evil in the world because as humans we are restricted in our knowledge since we areRead MoreThe Problem Of Evil Questions God s Existence995 Words   |  4 PagesThe Problem of Evil Questions God’s Existence An argument against the existence of God is based on the presence of evil in the world. This deductively valid argument is divided into two categories; human action and natural evil (Sober, 2005, p. 120). Human action discusses how experiences makes us better people, while natural evil are tragic events that are not under the control of humans. Each category is used as evidence to refute God as an all-powerful omniscient, omnibenevolent, or omnipotentRead MoreThe Problem Of Evil : An Argument Against The Existence Of God1922 Words   |  8 PagesNotes †¢ The problem of evil (the problem of suffering) is an argument against the existence of God †¢ The argument against the existence of God is incompatible with the existence of an all-loving, all-powerful God. Greek Philosopher Epicurus The Epicurean Paradox †¢ Is God willing, but not able to prevent evil? †¢ Answer: Then he is not omnipotent †¢ Is God able but not willing? †¢ Then he is malevolent †¢ Is he both able and willing? †¢ Then whence cometh evil? †¢ Is he neither able nor willingRead MoreDialogue of Good, Evil, and the Existence of God by John Perry1570 Words   |  7 PagesDialogue of Good, Evil, and the Existence of God by John Perry In John Perrys book Dialogue on Good, Evil and the Existence of God, he used three characters in the dialogue in order to clarify the positions of the three characters (Weirob, Miller, and Cohen), the arguments they provide in support their positions and the end state of their discussion. This allows us to examine our understanding of the good, evil and the existence of God. Perry shows a clear position of Weirob

Creating A Competitive Advantage For Business Owners

4. Creating a Competitive Advantage It is essential for the managers and the business owners to ensure that they work in order to create a competitive advantage for the business. This will help the business is differentiating itself from other businesses in the same industry (Gorgievski, et.al, 2011, pp. 209). Furthermore, competitive advantage is something that is the unique point of a business, thus it should be carefully designed and worked upon by the business owners. Successful business owners should be capable enough to develop a unique competitive advantage that will help the company in succeeding in the industry. John Bull needs to make sure that his company has a competitive advantage in order to stay ahead of his competitors. This means that he should differentiate his shop from others so that more customers are attracted and his profits increase. 5. Innovation Innovation is something that should be adopted by all companies. Business should be able to innovate constantly and bring changes to its new products or create new products to keep the interest of the customers, or else the customers will be attracted by other company’s products (Fleisher Bensoussan, 2014, pp. 20). In order the business to innovate or bring new changes to the existing business, it is important for the businessmen to understand the essentials of innovation. This will help in innovating and staying ahead and different from rest of the companies in the business. Considering the nature ofShow MoreRelatedA Family Business1570 Words   |  7 PagesA family business can be defined as a commercial organization owned, controlled, or led by a family (usually related by either blood or marriage). Alpha Academy, a daycare located in High Point, NC, is a family business acquired by Lucious and Melissa Turgeon in 2006. The daycare currently employees a total of 19 people and brings in an average of about $600,000 yearly. 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This product is developed because of the wide recognition of Americans love for their dogs and animals. Caninantics had developed a device known as â€Å"Pooch Pantry,† that automatically opens dog food cans and empties the contents into a dog food bowl. The device carries out this process either through a timedRead MoreDesigning Plans For Current And Future Business930 Words   |  4 Pagesand future business approaches, one vital consideration for the company is identifying its key success factors, or KSFs. KSFs are the factors that determine a company’s ability to compete successfully in an industry. The specific KSFs for any given company are unique, but by using whichever metrics have been uniquely decided upon and focusing efforts on evaluating and maximizing performance based on these KSFs, entrepren eurs and business owners are often able to establish advantages over competitorsRead MoreBusiness Analysis- International Strategy and Competitive Advantages for Global Company Apple1130 Words   |  5 Pagesminimize the impact of the existing rivalry in the PC industry at the global edge and to maintain competitive advantage, Apple applies non-competition strategies, (Yoffie, 2004). This section examines the strategies adopted Apple Inc to penetrate and to manage rivalry in the global market. Further, this part looks into the competitive advantages of Apple Inc, which enable it to maintain competitive edge In the PC industry globally. In addition, paper briefly highlights the benefits and shortcomings

Epic of Beowulf Essay - 740 Words

The characters Oedipus and Beowulf represent two different types of heroes. Oedipus is a tragic hero and characterized by its standards. He was an influential man of stature who had a tragic flaw. While he contributed to his own downfall, Oedipus was not entirely responsible for it. He also learned a lesson from his mistakes which ultimately creates a catharsis in the reading audience. Beowulf, on the other hand, is characterized by the standards of an epic hero. He strives for excellence and individual glory by doing heroic deeds. He has an admirable set of ethics, is great warrior, and is very loyal to his master. Beowulf is also rewarded for his deeds with fame and fortune. Although both of these men are heroes, the†¦show more content†¦Despite the awful acts committed by Oedipus, he learned a very important lesson. He discovered that fate cannot be changed. This was proven to Oedipus when he finally learned what he had done through Tiresias. Oedipus, by trying so hard to succeed in his obligation to free Thebes from the curse, caused his own undoing (Fergusson 388). This moment of realization for Oedipus causes a catharsis of emotion among the audience. They feel pity for Oedipus, who unknowingly and unwittingly committed these deeds. Beowulf is, however, a completely different type of hero. Beowulf is surrounded by fame, glamour, and fortune. He is an uncommonly great warrior and has performed many heroic feats. By the end of his life, Beowulf has beaten Brecca in a swimming race, killed Grendel, killed Grendels mother, and exchanged fatal blows with a dragon. Beowulf is an ideal epic hero. He knows to perfection the proper etiquette and he has comitatus towards his leaders and elders. As to the issue of loyalty, Anderson says that he depicts the loyalty of warrior to chieftain; of freeman, earl, and churl to their king - a whole-souled devotion to which Anglo-Saxon was ready to dedicate his life (99). 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An extended narrative poem recounting actions, travels, adventures, and heroic episodes and written in a high style (withRead More Epic of Beowulf Essay - Beowulf as Epic Hero844 Words   |  4 PagesBeowulf as Epic Hero Epic heroes usually exemplify the character traits most admired in their societies, and Beowulf is no exception.   Beowulf is set in the Anglo-Saxon society, a time when war was rampant among the many peoples trying to take over the different kingdoms of England.   In this dangerous, violent time people lived in constant peril and jeopardy.   These conditions only allowed people of great bravery to survive and men of outstanding courage were admired the populous.   TheseRead MoreThe Epic Of Beowulf As An Epic Hero1519 Words   |  7 Pageswhisked away following a journey, you have most likely read an epic. An epic by definition is â€Å"a long poem, typically one derived from ancient oral tradition, narrating the deeds and adventures of heroic or legendary figures or the history of a nation†. Every epic has a main character that undergoes the same archetypal journey as all other heroes, an epic hero. There are specific qualities one must have to be considered an epic hero. Each epic hero possesses superhuman strength, displays a strong senseRead MoreComparing Beowulf And The Epic Of Beowulf937 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Roman Empire. In the story Beowulf, his actions portray him, indeed be an epic hero. Both Christianity and Paganism are both portrayed throughout the epic Beowulf. Beowulf frequently speaks of God throughout the story, while there are also many Pagan elements that are evident throughout the story as well. In addition, It s hard to ignore the Christian and Pagan elements in Beowulf. These types of elements are what define the heroic warrior in the epic Beowulf(Vengeance the Pagan and ChristianRead MoreThe Epic Of Beowulf As An Epic Hero711 Words   |  3 Pagesthan the writer. These â€Å"epic heros† are protagonists that fulfill their potential of greatness through using their bravery, strength and humility for good. The near ancient tale of Beowulf is a classic example of an epic story that contains an epic hero. In this tale Hrothgar, the king of the Danes, has been terrorized by a beast known as Grendel. This beast has been murdering the king’s people and no one has come close to stopping this killer. A Geat warrior named Beowulf hears of the King’s predicamentRead MoreThe Epic : An Analysis Of The Epic Of Beowulf701 Words   |  3 PagesBeowulf is one of the longest surviving Anglo-Saxon poem. The epic takes place in the sixth century in what is now Denmark and Sweden. 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Advantages and Disadvantages of Outsourcing †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Advantages and Disadvantages of Outsourcing. Answer: Introduction Outsourcing is a type of business strategy to operate business functions. It can be a permanent or a temporary strategy to bridge the gap in staffing, to have better quality techniques and improvement in product design. This type of business practice has become popular in these days and become more controversial in the last few years. Outsourcing business functions have been a topic of interest that has been highlighted outsources employees in order to keep their companies blooming. Some businesses outsource to hire another company that specialized in the features the company may need. Outsourcing can be effective and beneficial and it means hiring a third person to perform the needs of the operation. Offshore outsourcing is when those needs are fulfilled in another country (Duck, 2006). The research in this literature review will cover the advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing business functions. The advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing business functions will be highli ghted. After research is conducted, a professional opinion will follow as to whether it is in the best interest of the organizations to utilize this business practice. Many businesses in developed countries have been able to run their business functions due to outsourcing but lost their national jobs. As in the US, outsourcing business runs successfully but many Americans lost their jobs. The professionals are in opinion on whether this practice should continue or not. The developed countries like US, Australia, generally they outsource their business to other countries, when the jobs get out the source from a parent location to a secondary location, unemployment get created at parent location (Duck, 2006). The research conducted will help to analyse these types of conditions. Onshore outsourcing means when a company hires a business, other than their own and need specialized features (Duck, 2006). That the business is looking for the commonly outsourced areas such as business centres, gift shops, and IT services, to run by the owners or have someone else to run them. Many businesses outsource some of the functions a service offshore. Offshore outsourcing can be done all around the world. The companies outsource their functions because they need highly skilled and talent in a specific area and not have to carry them on the company payroll (Pope, Key and Saigal, 2015). For example If a person wants to install a new computer system, he might have needed one IT person and outsource beyond that. Some companies outsource to save money on expenses and wages. Generally, companies outsource for the reduction in efficiency and labour cost and for this it became more efficient to have a valet company who have knowledge of business and experienced to make this function successfully (Fariborzi, 2012). Some companies outsource to save money on expenses and wages. Payroll is the largest cost for companies. The average wage of outsourcing someone in India is cheaper as compared to the U.S. This saves companies income and this is the basic reason that country like the U.S. outsources their business to India and China. This may help to run the business for the onshore employees (Pope, Key and Saigal, 2015). Many companies realize that outsourcing the business functions may become the reason of loss in business due to quality service, language, culture. Etc. Some other companies do not outsource because they want to have full control over their own business functions (Pope, Key and Saigal, 2015). Areas those are beneficial to Outsource Onshore Face to face- The business that requires face to face and eye contact are more beneficial to outsource. The areas those are a little bit to do with the expertise of the main functions. A company must perform their own expertise internally (Patricia, 2017). Companies trained their own staff and it is beneficial to have full control over training, it helps with on the constructive critics and progressive discipline. It would be wise to keep services involving local needs onshore. For example In a hotel business, it is beneficial to have local staff, as someone who lives in a local area can only give better information regarding services provided to the guest (Fariborzi, 2012). Outsourcing business functions allow organizations to concentrate on their core business. When functions are outsourcing, it becomes easy for the organizations to deal with other functions properly (Fariborzi, 2012). For example-In grocery shop, a florist is hired for flower counter, it becomes easy for the owner to focus on the other counter as he dosed not have much knowledge regarding flower, but outsource his work to florists helpful increasing his sales revenue. Area that is beneficial to Outsource Offshore A service that takes someone sitting at a desk to help them offshore outsourcing would be better and beneficial for any company (Glaister, 2013). For example- Reservations for train tickets plans other tickets would be a good area to outsource offshore because most of the people do not meet their reservation agents. Outsourcing business functions provide an organization exposure to vendors specialized system. This specialization provides more efficiency in work performance that allows producing high quality of work and saves time. There can be a chance of cost saving when business functions are outsourced perfectly. The cost saving that includes employee compensation costs, business expenses and other costs related to production and manufacturing setup are eliminated and can be free up resources for another useful purpose (Alexander, 2012). To run production offshore in a country where the labour cost and the production cost will be cheaper is beneficial for the business. For example- U.S. has corporate taxes; this can help a company save their capital (Alexander, 2012). A company may be offshore outsourced in an area where they get cheaper material for their production. Positive Impact of Outsourcing There are various companies that enjoy outsourcing because they are not focused on human resource functions for the employees. The outsourced companies bothered about the employment aspects of the business they are providing. In certain situations, like, if the outsources employee gets ill, or some emergency occurs, the outsource company will pay the extended sick leave. The company handles the financial burden of their employees, who can perform better in their work offered by the host company (Glaister, 2013). Therefore there are various advantages of outsourcing the business functions and it became important to understand the business practice and to consider the requirement of the business. Many economists believe that Onshore outsourcing can severely hurt the image of any business, and can cause a huge customer service liability. It can be a negative impact to the company that should anything goes wrong (Globaloutsourcingagency.com, 2017). Sometimes the outsourced company and the parent company do not use the same type of communication and network process; this can create delays and wastage of time for clients. Efficiency is a high priority in developed countries and even a small delay can cause a loss of business and also affect the market image of the company (Globaloutsourcingagency.com, 2017). People in developed countries such as America, Australians are less accepting of offshore outsourcing. People want companies hiring local citizens and they dont want the non-citizen person receiving a salary check and that should be given to their own citizen people that are willing and able to do the work (Khan, 2012). Companies may in due course back out of offshore outsourcing, only because of bad public relations. For example, the companies like GM US try to maintain their public relation by creating employment for their own citizens, and for this, the company uses special word, i.e., repatriating to show the people of America that they are taking care of their employment and bringing jobs in their own country (Globaloutsourcingagency.com, 2017). Therefore, it becomes necessary for the companies to maintain the faith of their own people, which is not an easy task, but steps are taken to improve their market conditions. It is important for a business to have the best possible contract and laws abided. Laws are laws and anyone can sue to anyone, and it does not mean that an outsourced company that claims to take on responsibility cannot arise lawsuits conditions (Bucki, 2017). As nothing is full proof in outsourcing business practices and companies have to be very careful in this regard. There are many jobs and people become unemployed and lost their jobs due to outsourcing type of business practices. Developed countries outsource their business to another country, but the rate of unemployment increases in the parent company locations. This is the biggest disadvantage of this type of business practice (Bucki, 2017). In the United States economy, offshore outsourcing is the main concern and highly debated because of the unemployment in the US. If a customer call centre is outsourced to a country that has a different language, there may be problems relating to customer satisfaction, dealing with different language create many problems to run a successful call centre (Cui, 2016). Organized labour in the developed countries has very strong feeling about outsourcing to other countries that have a less standard of living and have worse working conditions (Cui, 2016). This type of opinion can impact the adverse effect that how the workforce responds to outsourcing and can affect the daily productivity of an organization. Therefore, there are so many reasons that a company should not want to outsource there can be a legal hurdles and bad public relations due to outsourcing whether onshore or offshore business functions (Lacity and Rottman, 2008). Many economists believe that the disadvantages outweigh the advantages and this type of business practice must not be considered. Many businesses do not like how it impacts their customer service. Recommendation After the study of the various advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing business functions, a professional opinion has been made. Every business has its own features and there is the large-scale business also that required highly skilled and talented people for their business operations. Sometimes it becomes the special requirements that the company has to outsource their functions to another person or to another country. There must be a balance between the outsourcing business functional and do with their own local people (Lisle, 2003). The business that is easily operated with local employment must stop offshore outsourcing and also decrease onshore outsourcing and if expertise is not in high priorities, the business should take the opportunities to operate and learn it themselves in order to avoid unusual outsourcing. When observing for outsourcing prospects in business, an organization must pay attention to potential zones and important elements within the area to determine if the whole functions or a part of the business function should be outsourced. References Alexander, K. (2012). Why auditors and public companies need international regulation.Amicus Curiae, 2002(42). Bucki, j. (2017).Compelling Reasons Outsourcing Is Wrong for Your Company. [online] The Balance. Available at: https://www.thebalance.com/top-6-outsourcing-disadvantages-2533780 [Accessed 27 Apr. 2017]. Cui, Z. (2016). The Impact of Switching Costs on the Outsourcing of Knowledge-Intensive Business Processes.Decision Sciences, 48(1), pp.71-107. Duck, T. (2006). Why outsource the compliance function?.Journal of Investment Compliance, 7(3), pp.67-69. Fariborzi, E. (2012). E-mail Marketing: Advantages, Disadvantages andImproving Techniques.International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning. Glaister, A. (2013). HR outsourcing: the impact on HR role, competency development and relationships.Human Resource Management Journal, 24(2), pp.211-226. Globaloutsourcingagency.com. (2017).Advantages and Disadvantages of Outsourcing. [online] Available at: https://www.globaloutsourcingagency.com/adv.html [Accessed 27 Apr. 2017]. Khan, A. (2012). Offshore Software Development Outsourcing Contract from Vendors Perspective: A Systematic Literature Review Protocol.IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering, 2(4), pp.26-37. Lacity, M. and Rottman, J. (2008). The Impact of Outsourcing on Client Project Managers.Computer, 41(1), pp.100-102. Lisle, C. (2003). Outsource a Core Competency?.The Journal of Private Equity, 7(1), pp.72-75. Patricia, P. (2017).Advantages and Disadvantages of Outsourcing. [online] Smart Church Management. Available at: https://smartchurchmanagement.com/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-outsourcing/ [Accessed 27 Apr. 2017]. Pope, J., Key, K. and Saigal, A. (2015). Nonprofit Outsourcing Patterns: Why Dont Small NPOs Outsource More?.Journal of Nonprofit Public Sector Marketing, 27(1), pp.99-116.