Clinical governance Free Essay Example, 1500 words

Additional results from falls include increased morbidity, nursing home placement and mortality. Therefore, it is essential to facilitate mechanisms for preventing the falls to help the older persons not face any of these consequences. Notably, falls result from varied causes, with the leading factors being muscle weakness, use of more than four prescription medication, arthritis, age above 80 years and impairments, all leading to the loss of balance ("JAMA and Archives Journals; Rate of falls in hospitals significantly reduced after use of intervention for fall prevention", 2010, p 778). Therefore, the cause of this project features facilitating balance for the older person to address the various factors that may cause falls for the older people. Therefore, observing from these factors associated with falls, it is notable that the falls prevention intervention strategies will prove remarkably useful. This project seeks to facilitate quality care and improvement of life quality for the aging and older people in the nursing homes and extensively to all that may require the assistance. Key Stakeholders: The stakeholders in the institution and implementation of his project include the nursing professionals that facilitate care to the older people, the nursing homes settings and the older people that require the intervention project to address their health. We will write a custom essay sample on Clinical governance or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now These three constitute the key stakeholder, with families and relatives or guardians of the older persons constituting a minority stakeholder in the project. CPI Tool: The CPI tool used for this project will feature PDSA, an approach that appropriately factors the entire presentation, development and implementation of the interventions as the aim of the project states. In the planning stage of the proposal, the report factors the objectives and predictions of the project. This stage will allow for testing the change and detecting the need to develop and implement the intervention for the case identified. At the â€Å"do† stage, the testing for the intervention identified will occur. The project summarizes the interventions and executes the plan established in implementing the project to institute change. This stage is vital to the accomplishment of the proposed project, of instituting interventions for mitigating the falls in older people in the care homes. At the study stage, this facilitates the evaluation of the success of the interventions, collecting results from the do stage. The data statistics will be analyzed to facilitate the success of the interventions as identified.

Essay on Concentration Camps in Night by Elie Wiesel

Elie Wiesel’s book â€Å"Night† shows the life of a father and son going through the concentration camp of World War II. Their life long journey begins from when they are taken from their home in Sighet, they experience harsh and inhuman conditions in the camps. These conditions cause Elie and his father’s relationship to change. During their time there, Elie and his father experience a reversal in roles. At the beginning of the novel , Elies relationship with his father is fairly close. Slowly but surely, through out the novel their relationship changes. The reason for their father-son relationship tobe fairly close and not extremely close as it should be is because his father, Chlomo’s commitments to the community, affects his life at home.†¦show more content†¦Elie’s thoughts and actions reflect his reliance on his father in the camp. When he is going through selection for a komodo, he begs, â€Å"I want to stay with my father† page 48. But further on in the novel, they drift further and further apart. At some point in the novel, Elie starts to feel that his father is a bit of a burden. Elie and his father experience a reversal in roles, where Elie takes on the fatherly role and his father takes on the child role. After their run to Gleiwitz, Elie noticed how his father had changed from the time they arrived at the camps, â€Å"He had become childlike, weak, frightened, vulnerable† page 105. When they are finally at Buchenwald, Elie and his father spend an entire night apart. When Elie wakes the next morning, he frantically goes looking for him, as a father would look for his lost son. When he locates his father, he notices that his father was just sitting their like a lost child, waiting to be found. Elie says, â€Å"Father! I’ve been looking for so long†¦.where were you? Did you sleep? How are you feeling?† pg.106. .As Elie’s father continues to show that now he is dependent on Elie, Elie slowly but surely grows into a parent. Elie believed he needed to be by his father because his father needed him. At one point in the novel, on page 108 Elie makes a sacrifice for the little bit of food that they barely get for his father, â€Å"For a ration of bread I was able to exchange cots to be next to my father†. ElieShow MoreRelatedA Relationship Between Fathers And Sons Being Broken By Selfish Acts1234 Words   |  5 Pagesshatter the sturdiest of relationships, forever. In Elie Wiesel’s legendary book, Night, Wiesel vividly describes his and his father’s lives in the concentration camps during the Holocaust. During the book, the connection between Elie and his father, Shlomo Wiesel, slowly transitions from a broken father-son relationship to the point where they would risk their lives for one another. Initially, when their lives are rather laid-back, Shlomo and Elie do n ot find much in common with one another, and ShlomoRead MoreFigurative Death in Night995 Words   |  4 PagesDeath in Night In the early 1940’s, Hitler started death camps. His goal was to kill all of the Jews because they were not pure Germans. He started concentration camps, where they would beat and starve the prisoners until they died. The prisoners went through selections to see what job to make them, and if they were not fit enough, to kill them. The Nazis used crematories in which they burned prisoners, in ovens, until they were ashes. One of the most infamous concentration camps was a camp calledRead MoreThe Holocaust By Elie Wiesel1107 Words   |  5 PagesThesis Statement: The hardships that Elie Wiesel faced in the concentration camps lead him to lose faith, until after when realizing it was crucial to keep faith in God despite the horrendous events of the Holocaust. What God would let his people be burned, suffocated to death, separated from their families, and starved toRead More Faith lost in God Essay697 Words   |  3 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The book Night by Elie Wiesel, tells a story about a young religious boy who begins to lose his faith in God at such an early age. The book deals with the tragedies as well as the occurrences which has happened during the Holocaust and at the Nazi concentration camps. The young boy named Elie Wiesel deals with the death of his family as well as the painful times during the Holocaust. There are many representations in this book on how Elie Wiesel is shocked with trama atRead MoreThe Psychological Association Of Night By Elie Wiesel1285 Words   |  6 Pageswonder what happened to the children who did survive. Elie Wiesel was one of those children who was ‘lucky’ enough to survive. However his ‘luck’ came at a severe price. Elie Wiesel suffers both severe emotional and physical trauma in his novel, Night. Night tells the story of a young boy, Eliezer Wiesel, and his struggles to survive during the Holocaust. Becoming a victim of various Nazi German concentration camps at the young age of fifteen, Elie finds himself separated from his mom and sisters, neverRead MoreRoad Rage1653 Words   |  7 Pagesghettos, Dr. Mengele’s medical care, and food in the camps Genocide during WWII was unbelievably cruel and awful. The Holocaust was sure to be remembered from this time period and have permanently engraved horrible memories into those who survived. During the Holocaust many victims suffered while living in the ghettos, soon to reach the camps they also suffered there as well. The encounters with Dr. Mengele were unbearable too. Elie Wiesel’s memoir Night is very important especially the fact that it accuratelyRead MoreEliezer Wiesels Relationships1270 Words   |  6 Pages Elie Wiesel was a young boy, when his life changed drastically. He was born in Sighet, Transylvania, which is now Romania. He was born to Shlomo and Sarah, which they had four children, Hilda, Bea, Tsiporah, and Eliezer. Wiesel and his family practiced the Jewish religion, before he was forced into the concentration camps. In the novel Night, Elie Wiesel had a strong belief in God. When Elie and his family were sent off to the concentration camps, he tested his belief in God. In the novel NightRead More night Essay1246 Words   |  5 Pages Night is an autobiographical novella written by Elie Wiesel a young jewish boy who tells of his experiences during the Holocaust. Elie is from the small town of Sighet, Transylvania. This book begins in late 1941 and chronicles Elies life through the end of the war in 1945.He had two older sisters, Hilda and Beatrice Wiesel and a younger sister, Tzipora Wiesel. Elie spoke many languages including Hungarian, Romanian, German and he grew up speaking Yiddish. At the beginning of the book Elie hasRead MoreElie Wiesel Reflection991 Words   |  4 Pagessurvivor by the name of Elie Wiesel was involved with the horror of the Holocaust. After surviving the traumatic incidents of the Holocaust, Elie Wiesel wrote a book called, â€Å"Night†. In his book he details his experiences in what took place in the concentration camps, as well as, many other daunting memories. Before Elie went to the concentration camp, Auschwitz, he had many personality traits that made him who he was, such as being recollected, gretty, and caring. In the book â€Å"Night†, on page 34 it statesRead MoreEssay about Elie Wiesels Night881 Words   |  4 Pagesdetailed accounts of the horrific events from the Nazi regime comes from Elie Wiesel’s Night. He describes his traumatic experiences in German concentration camps, mainly Buchenwald, and engages his readers from a victim’s point of view. He bravely shares the grotesque visions that are permanently ingrained in his mind. His autobiography gives readers vivid, unforgettable, and shocking images of the past. It is beneficial that Wiesel published this, if he had not the world might not have known the extent

Corporate Governance †Conceptual Framework Free Essays

string(63) " Making optimum use of scarce resources and developing skills\." The great Indian master of Political Science Kautilya mentioned four functions of a king in his well-known book Arthashastra -1. Raksha or protection, 2. Vriddhi or enhancement, 3. We will write a custom essay sample on Corporate Governance – Conceptual Framework or any similar topic only for you Order Now Palana or maintenance, and 4. Yogakshema or wellbeing or safeguard. It is the sacred duty of the state to protect the person and property of its subject to enhance their wealth, to maintain them and to safeguard their interest in general. This noble concept can be applied with equal force to company management for corporate governance.The Board of Directors and the CEO or MD are the rulers and the shareholders and other stakeholders associated with the company are the subject. The company should be managed in a way that would protect the interest of shareholders, would increase the value of their wealth and their prosperity, would lead to the welfare of the society and would increase their accountability to them. The corporate world has become so powerful in recent years that corporate governance has caught the imagination and attention of one and all.India has globalised its economy and has widened the doors for the entry of multinationals. With the onset of globalization, the competition that the corporate sector has been facing has been increased. Technology up-gradation, warranted because of intense competition, has necessitated the Indian corporate sector to seek funds not only from India but also from abroad by floating Global Depository Receipts (GDRs). Large number of foreign institutional investors is now actively participating in the Indian Capital Market.This has also necessitated the need for good governance since capital easily flows towards companies which are effectively governed and which have the motive of increasing the value of shareholders as well as the society. CONCEPT: In broad sense, Corporate Governance examines how the company is being governed for the benefit of its various stakeholders like equity shareholders, preference shareholders, bond-holders, employees, customers, dealers, suppliers, society, government etc.Thus, corporate governance may be understood as the system by which corporates are directed and controlled by their managements in the best interest of their stakeholders and the general public. In its endeavour to ensure a higher standard of transparency and timely financial reporting, corporate governance system involves the full disclosure of all relevant information for the stakeholders to arrive at informed decisions. Corporate governance comprises the systems and processes which ensure the efficient functioning of the firm in a transparent manner for the benefit of all the stakeholders and those accountable to them.The focus is on the relationship between the owners and the Board in directing and controlling companies as legal entities perpetually. A company’s ability to create wealth for its owners, however, depends on the role and freedom given to it by the society. The corporate governance broadly identifies two sectors namely shareholders and stakeholders to whom the corporate sector has to be responsible. Any corporation that satisfies only one sector at the cost of the other is not likely to be favoured by any and it has to have a balanced approach in meeting the needs of these two sectors.The focus on corporate governance arises out of the large dependence of companies on financial markets as the pre-eminent source of capital. The quality of corporate governance shapes the future and the growth of the Capital Market. Strong corporate governance is indispensable to resilient and vibrant capital market. But capital markets in general can function properly if individuals have access to accurate basic information about the companies they invest. The link between a company’s Management, Board and its Financial Reporting System is crucial.In the context of globalization, capital is likely to flow to markets which are well regulated and practice high standards of transparency, efficiency and integrity. AIMS OF GOVERNANCE: Successful corporate governance lies in balancing the various conflicting interest and interest groups viz. , investors, creditors, labour, government and society at large. Corporate Governance in the context of changed socio- economic milieu does not merely confine to securing a fair return on the investment but also extends to discharging the various social responsibilities.The basic governance issues relates to the effectiveness and the accountability of Board of Directors. Effectiveness is measured by performance. How well can boards run their companies and how can they be encouraged to run them better? Effectiveness is, therefore, a measure of the equality of the leadership which Boards are giving to their companies and the taste of effectiveness is the result which those companies achieve. Accountability is largely a matter of disclosure, of transparency, of explaining a company’s activities to those to whom the company has responsibilities. It raises the question to whom are companies answerable and to whom should they be responsible? Board of Directors is seen as having power and relative freedom to exercise that power within the law. The demand for Boards to become more accountable is, therefore, part of a wider movement for openness by institution. NEED FOR CORPORATE GOVERNANCE: With the sweeping changes in Indian economy, the growing aspiration of Indian industries to compete with the MNCs and to increase their market share, profitability, etc. have side by side enhanced their responsibility.Although the reforms initiated during the last ten years witnessed some radical changes in the rules and regulations to improve the stakeholders’ confidence. The levels of transparency and standards of disclosures observed by Indian Companies leave much to be desired. The practice of placing personal interest above those of stakeholders is quite widespread. There had been several instances in India over the last few years when Industrial shareholders and independent directors on the Board of a Company have raised concern over the decisions of the management or promoters.The efficient Corporate Governance has become the need of the hour due to various reasons. These reasons can be pointed out as follows: 1. Significant changes taking place in global economic and business field. 2. Seizure of global opportunities and threats from competitors. 3. Need for strategic management. 4. Making optimum use of scarce resources and developing skills. You read "Corporate Governance – Conceptual Framework" in category "Papers" 5. Acceptance of international standards of management. 6. Increasing share of institutional investors like UTI, mutual funds, Foreign Institutional Investors (FII) etc. 7. Awareness among investors and lending institutions. . Protection of investors and promotion of public interest. 9. Increasing effectiveness of management. 10. Real transparency of performance. 11. Enhancing shareholder’s net worth and wealth. 12. Representing accountability and responsibility towards shareholders and others having the direct or indirect interest in the company. BENEFITS OF GOOD GOVERNANCE: †¢Good governance leads to congruence of interest of board, management including owner managers and shareholders. †¢Good governance provides stability and growth to the company. †¢Good governance system builds confidence among investors. Good governance reduces perceived risks, consequently reducing cost of capital. †¢Well governed companies enthuse employees to acquire and develop company specific skills. †¢In the knowledge driven excellence, the soft skills like management will be the ultimate tool for corporate to leverage a competitive advantage in the financial market. †¢Adoption of good corporate practices promotes stability and long-term sustenance of stakeholders’ relationship. †¢A good corporate citizen becomes an ethical icon and enjoys a position of pride in corporate culture. Potential stakeholders aspire to enter into relationships with enterprises whose governance credentials are exemplary. EMERGENCE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN INDIA: The need to formulate a code of principles embodying good governance was felt in India as early as 1995-96. In India, initiative on corporate governance began with the Confederation of Indian Industries [CII] setting up in 1996 a National Task Force under the Chairmanship of Mr. Rahul Bajaj. The task force presented its recommendations and Code for Corporate Governance in 1997 which were then debated publicly.SEBI, the corporate regulator, appointed a Committee on 7th May, 1999 under the Chairmanship of Mr. Kumar Mangalam Birla to frame the guidelines for corporate governance in India. The Committee had made 25 recommendations in all. Of them, 19 are mandatory and the remaining is non mandatory. The mandatory recommendations broadly includes new listing norms to be followed by the company, conducting Board meetings at least four times a year, constitution of audit committee, optimal blend of executive and non executive directors as well as appointment of independent directors, issue of quarterly reports etc.On the other hand, non mandatory recommendations suggest that investment institutions are not to be permitted by the Board. The Department of Company Affairs has initiated a legislative action in the Lok Sabha on 6th December, 1999 for the amendment of the Companies Act. FACTORS INFLUENCING CORPORATE GOVERNANCE: SEBI has summarized the factors which influence quality of governance in Indian Companies. a. Integrity of the Management. b. Ability of the Board. c. Adequacy of providing the Board with relevant and timely information. d. Commitment level of individual Board members. e. Quality of Corporate Reporting. f.Participation of stakeholders in the management. ROLE OF MAJOR PLAYERS IN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE: Where the Government and other regulatory agencies provide a platform through legislations and rules, the Board of directors, auditors, shareholders, financial institutions, company secretaries and the employees play their individual role for proper governance. Role of the BOD: A Working Group has recommended a Statement of Director’s Responsibility [SDR] to be attached along with the annual accounts for better transparency. The Directors must specify whether applicable accounting standards have been followed or not.The Directors are also responsible for maintaining adequate accounts for safeguarding the assets of the company and for detecting fraud and irregularities. Role of Accounting Professionals: The growing complexities of business have changed the traditional role of accounting professional. On the wake of demand for good corporate governance from every quarter, the need arises for redefining their role. The activity should not only look at the reliability of accounting and reporting, it must cover all relevant business processes from brand management to customer service.Role of Company Secretaries: The Chairman and the Board will look to the Secretary for guidance on what their responsibilities are under the rules which they are subject and how those responsibilities should be discharged. There is also need for secretarial audit before financial audit to ensure compliance of all requirements of law. Role of employees: A good team of employees is the backbone of the company. However, their individual ethical standard is of a greater concern. A responsible employee should point out the mistake of even his superior.When the employees are shareholders, their responsibilities rise even further. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN INDIA: In India, while the predominant form of Corporate Governance is much closer to the East Asian models, there are a number of firms that resemble the European version where the control is maintained through pyramidal form of ownership and control. The concept of industrial house which controls several companies is quite commonly accepted although the founding family does not own the company. There are quite a few companies whose practice of corporate governance is a matter of concern.Dilution of accounting and reporting standards have allowed corporations from manipulating resources for their own vested interests sidelining the stakeholders of the company. Investors have suffered on account of unscrupulous management of the companies, which have raised capital from the market at high valuations and have p erformed much worse than the past reported figures. There are also many companies which are not paying adequate attention to basic procedures for shareholders services as many do not pay adequate attention to address investor’s grievances.It has to be emphasized that there is considerable synergy between economic efficiency and corporate governance. The US and UK models of Corporate Governance are an integral part of the market oriented economy. Several developments such as international integration of financial markets, requirements of foreign institutional investors and listing securities in the international stock exchanges make it imperative for companies in India to be transparent in regard to norms of corporate governance adopted by them.While sound corporate governance is necessary, it is not sufficient to improve operational efficiency and profitability. CORPOARTE GOVERNANCE IN INDIAN COMPANIES: The first systematic study on Corporate Governance was conducted by Business Today- AIIMS of the Best Boards in 1997. A total of 659 respondents in Bangalore, Kolkata, Chennai, Delhi and Mumbai, comprising 11 FIs, 10 FIIs, 23 stock brokers, 200 finance companies, 11 banks and 584 individual investors were surveyed. The parameters set for the evaluation were: a.Accountability to share holders. b. Transparency of disclosure. c. Quality of directors. d. Independence of decision making. CompanyAccountabilityTransparencyQualityIndependenceTotal Hindustan Lever74. 265. 475. 565. 9281. 0 TELCO63. 453. 364. 057. 6283. 3 Bajaj Auto63. 753. 262. 757. 5237. 1 HDFC62. 655. 364. 951. 7234. 5 Larsen and Toubro61. 550. 562. 258. 1232. 3 TISCO59. 851. 161. 051. 5223. 4 ACC55. 649. 258. 545. 9215. 8Colgate Palmolive58. 952. 458. 545. 9215. 8Indian Hotels 58. 151. 356. 648. 0214. IDBI55. 145. 460. 246. 9207. 7 HLL has swept the first spot. Respondents awarded the company for the blue-chip quality of its directors. TELCO getting the second position has benefited from the involvement of Ratan Tata who leads a board of august personalities who control and monitor all activities. The data reveals that the Indian corporate sector suffers from transparency and independence in decision making. The reason can be traced in their non professional management and paternal style of leadership. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ABROAD: The need to well manage a company is felt all over the world. Corporate sectors around the world are tuning their activities in accordance with the good principles of corporate governance. A committee in UK observed that ‘transparency’ is the basis of corporate governance. The London Stock Exchange has made it mandatory for companies to reveal their balance sheets whether or not they have followed the financial aspects of corporate governance.The Toronto Stock Exchange had constituted a committee which was of the view that ‘increasing the shareholders’ value’ should be the prime objective of corporate governance. Attaching significance to the Board, the committee specified that the main responsibility of the Board if Directors is to supervise and control the Board’s activities. They should also seek to ensure orderly succession of senior executives by selecting, training, and supervising their activities at appropri ate time. A Stakeholder, Alliance in North America has come out with its own â€Å"Sunshine Standards† to provide direction to the corporate sector reporting to the stake holders. The Alliance demands that all information relevant to the stakeholders should be provided. ISSUES OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE: Good company governance is the need of the day for which the consciousness is increasing. But, it has to face a number of problems which are as follows: Facing impact of globalization: Globalization has a radical impact on company governance.Now, the traditional management has given place to professional management, the international standards of corporate governance have to be adopted, the mobility of resources has to be increased and foreign law and regulations have t be abided by. Challenges of drastic changes in economy: The radical changes are taking place in Indian economy. Due to globalization, all sectors of the economy are being opened up to worldwide competition, controls are bei ng removed day by day over industries and trade and to integration of Indian industries with the world industries, a number of problems have arisen before corporate governance. Pressure of public opinion and investors for financial reporting and transparency: Due to awareness among investors and public at large, they are demanding more and more information about companies’ objectives, about its performance, more frequent financial reporting and more transparency in its management, which is challenge to the company governance. It requires increased awareness on the part of corporate management to satisfy these demands. Challenge of global competition: the corporate management is required to face worldwide competition.The competition has reached international level for Indian companies due to liberalization and globalization. The management has to make adjustment in policies and practices of corporate governance to meet this challenge. Criticism of sudden failures and accountability: A number of companies have failed and closed down all of a sudden for which the accountability of the Board has been selected to serious criticism. Such weak and unscrupul ous companies do not report their true financial position and true profitability before the investors and the public. The Directors are held liable for this situation. SUGGESTIONS FOR EFFECTIVE CORPORATE GOVERNANCE: Effective honest and transparent corporate governance is required for enhancing the wealth and worth of the company, for promoting welfare of the society, for the success of the company, for protecting the interest of investors and other stakeholders and for fulfilling the responsibility and accountability of directors. Hence the following suggestions may be useful in meeting challenges before them and for solving a number of problems which ahs been created during recent times.Downsizing: One theoretical step towards instilling ethical values in the modern corporation is to downsize or breakup the corporate entity. Autonomy would eliminate long bureaucratic chains and increase personal motivation, communication and accountability. Long-termism: The emphasis on short term profitability creates a significant degree of instability within corporations and lead to short termism. Markets requi re quick results and generally discourage long term investment. This leads to an unnecessary dissipation of corporate resources towards meaningless ends.Dealing with risk and uncertainty: The economic and technological environment is fast changing than ever before which results in great difficulty in planning reliably for the long term. In such a scenario, ethical endeavor drawn from longer planning suffers significantly. Curbing Corporate Power: The modern corporation commands significant power which has a profound influence on government and legislative process. In a recent GAAT agreement, it had been alleged that governments merely act as pawns – it was the corporate lobbyist and agents who drafted the agreement and pushed governments into signing it.Limit on the number of Directors: The number of companies in which a person can work as director has been kept at 20. This should be reduced to 10 in order that the director has to attend a few companies and play an effective role in company management. Bringing down the number of part time directors: For efficient corporate governance it is essential that directors devote as much of their time as possible. This will be possible only when the number of part-time directors is reduced and full time directors are appointed.Frequent reporting and transparency: Quarterly un-audited financial statements are required to be published. Accounts must be audited in time and social audit must also be undertaken. In all respects, transparency would infuse confidence in investors and would make the directors more conscious of their accountability. Appointment of audit committees should be made compulsory: It is advocated that audit committees should be compulsorily appointed consisting three independent directors who will go through the progress, policies and practices adopted by the Board.SEBI has recommended that appointment of audit committees should be made compulsory by law. Adjustments to be made along with changing times: The corporate governance has to adjust itself to environmental factors, population constituents, political position, economic factors, social factors and technological changes and must solve the problems arising out of such a situation in rational and logical manner.High ethical standards to be maintained: Maintaining high ethical standards is one of the most powerful features of good corporate governance which would include working with honest policies and practices, not accepting any secret commission, not indulging in competitive collision and not to indulge in untrue and misleading advertisements. The non executive directors should be given due importance: Non Executive directors must be given due importance and their opinions and advice must also be needed.Regular board meetings: Regular board meetings would make corporate governance more effective as policies and strategies would be framed and discussed frequently and performan ce evaluations would be undertaken. CONCLUSION: In India, the existing corporate governance framework has failed to encourage corporate sector to voluntarily adopt higher corporate governance standards, necessary to compete both nationally and internationally.The availability of effective legal remedies of the stakeholders in case of mismanagement, the exercise of which requires reliable and adequate information, is essential. Disclosures by the management on a timely basis can provide stakeholders with the information required to arrive at informed decisions regarding the corporation. The ability of the market to regulate is rather doubtful. Therefore, the essential nature of regulatory institutions and mechanisms, both inside and outside the corporation, cannot be overemphasized.Self regulation can significantly assist in achieving the right regulatory framework. In the corporate structure, the role of the different stakeholders should be more clearly defined. If â€Å"Good Corporate Governance† is to become a reality, it is necessary that the company and its promoters adopt a transparent policy regarding the proper use of funds and properties of the company. The promoters should realize that they are the custodian of the company as trustee for the people connected with it. The promoters’ stress should be for the best use of the company’s resources for its benefits. The axiom of â€Å"least governed is the best governed† should become a reality by enforcing self discipline by the promoters leading gradually to a minimum control by outside agencies including the government.BIBLIOGRAPHY: 1. Corporate Governance — N. P. Agarwal Sugan C. Jain 2. Corporate Governance — H. R. Machhiraju 3. Taxman’s Chartered Accountants Today — March 16-31,2005 December 16-31,2005 How to cite Corporate Governance – Conceptual Framework, Papers

Holden Caufield Emphasizes On The Loss Of Innocence In Children. He Fe Essay Example For Students

Holden Caufield Emphasizes On The Loss Of Innocence In Children. He Fe Essay els that once they lose their innocence, they will soon turn into phonies like everyone else. The loss of innocence is very common in the development in human existence. It is caused by many factors. Past a certain age, children are either forced or led unintentionally into a pathway of corruption. A child is also known to lose their innocence by desires, fantasies, and attention. But once they lose their innocence, they tend to desire to go back and pretend to be young again. In the Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger, Holden discusses the importance of innocence in childrens lives. He feels that once a child loses his/her innocence, he/she will soon be leaded to a life of corruption. Holden also focuses on all the phonies in the world. He feels that the phonies are the reason why children lose their innocence. He defines phonies as people who are liars, corrupted, and people who experienced everything. However, he doesnt realized that he is a phony himself since he has lost his innocence too. Holden thinks that no one loves him so lying to people is a way of telling people that he doesnt want to be hurt anymore. He is also experiencing the feeling about being all-alone in the corrupted world. He is isolated from everyone thinking that no one is going through what he is going through. He shows how he is lonely by wandering the streets by himself, doesnt want to talk to people, and by wanting to be loved by someone. He tries to escape the realities of life by remembering the past with his brother Allie, sister Phoebe, and older brother D.B. Holden doesnt only discuss the innocence and corruption but the way the world changes. He isnt able to adjust to things that changed but he feels more comfortable in places that never changed at all. For instance, he feels really happy when he sees the Natural Museum of History. Holden gets very mad when he saw the graffiti on the side of his sisters school. He just dont want young children to see what he was seeing. He felt like painting over the writing. Holden has many roles in this book. He is also trying to keep children from making the same mistakes that he made in the past. He really wants to help them but he doesnt realize that he isnt. Children have to learn what they did wrong so that they know not to do it again. John Claud wrote an article called, Just a Routine School Shooting. Thomas Soloman Jr. was an average 15 year-old boy, who faced the same problems as other teenagers. He attended church and didnt care much about the Gothic life. He attended Heritage High School in Conyers, Georgia. No one died but only six students were injured. Thomas had access to a high0caliber weapon but he chose to use a .22 rifle to shoot up the school. On Thursday morning, Thomas, whom most people called T.J., just got over a break-up with his girlfriend, Stacy Singleton. She spotted T.J. entering the school with his fathers .22 rifle. Students that attended the high school thought that the first few shots were firecrackers. He began firing into the schools indoor commons. He wasnt aiming and was holding it down towards the floor. Ryan Rosa, a junior was injured in his leg. The shooting ended quickly. The rifle T.J. used can only hold a dozen rounds without reloading. When he was finished, he was found kneelin g on the floor with a powerful .357 magnum revolver. He put it into his mouth trying to commit suicide. Cecil Brinkley, the assistant principal of the school tried to convince T.J. that everything was going to be okay. Cecil Brinkley took the gun out of his mouth while watching him collapse to the floor. While searching T.J.s room, they found that he had bomb recipes, notes on where to plant explosives at the school, and writings about his despair. Advertisement project EssayCITATIONSIf a body catch a body comin through the rye. (Page 173, 3rd paragraph from the top)The Catcher in the Rye is not only about the loss of innocence but the activity of innocence. Holdens vision of standing in front of the cliff and protecting the playing children from falling symbolizes how much he wants to dedicate his life to keep the children from falling. He is also trying to express that he is one of the children and that he wants someone to catch and protect him from falling off the cliff. Holden has consumed so much corruption but fears that no one is going to keep him from falling. This particular quote defines the title of the book. A catcher in the rye is an occupation that only lives in Holdens mind. Holden has this fantasy about being a catcher in the rye only to protect children and him. Holden also doesnt discuss what type of child would he catch. No matter what they have done or did, he just wants to save all types of children. His whole mission is to save them from falling off the cliff. Not really falling off a c liff but just to save them from the whole world. You know those ducks in the lagoon right near Central Park South? That little lake? By any chance, do you happen to know where they go, the ducks, when it gets all frozen over?(Page 60, 3rd paragraph from the top)This quote defines Holdens difficulty to adjust to the changes around him. He feels comfortable in places where they havent changed. For instance, he visited the Natural Museum of History in New York and he gets very happy that the place hasnt changed since he first went there on a school trip. Holden feels isolated from the world because he feels that no one is going through what he is going through. The Catcher in the Rye doesnt really focus on the loss of innocence but it discusses how an individual feels about the changes in the world. Holden fears that all the changes will expose all adolescent lives to the loss of innocence and corruption. Holden is one unique character. He expresses many feelings towards people. Holdens curiosity towards the ducks in Central Park tell s us that he isnt comfortable in this world and that he has many questions to be answered about life. BibliographyBIBLIOGRAPHY1. Claud, John. Just a Routine School Shooting TIMEMay 31, 1999 pages 34-432. Daley, Suzanne. Runaways of 42nd Street: AIDS Begins its Scourgehttp://www.nytimes.com/library/national/science/aids/ May 30, 19983. Magil, Frank N. (Editor). Masterpieces of AmericanNew York, Harper Collins Publishers, Inc. 19934. Salinger, J.D. (Jerome David). Catcher in the RyeMassachusetts, Little Brown and Company 1951